MSSQL2005を使用して、最初に子テーブル（FK関係の主キーを持つテーブル）を切り捨てた場合、外部キー制約でテーブルを切り捨てることができますか？
私はどちらかができることを知っています
DELETEwhere句なしでRESEEDIDを使用してから、ID（または）親の前に子テーブルを切り捨てている限り、上記のいずれのオプションも実行しなくても大丈夫だと思いましたが、次のエラーが発生します。
FOREIGN KEY制約によって参照されているため、テーブル 'TableName'を切り捨てることはできません。
回答:
正しい; FK制約が設定されているテーブルを切り捨てることはできません。
通常、これに対する私のプロセスは次のとおりです。
（もちろん、トランザクション内のすべて。）
もちろん、これは子供がすでに切り捨てられている場合にのみ適用されます。それ以外の場合は、データがどのように見えるかに完全に依存して、別のルートに進みます。（ここに入るには変数が多すぎます。）
元のポスターはなぜこれが事実であるかを決定しました。詳細については、この回答を参照してください。
DELETE FROM TABLENAME
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('DATABASENAME.dbo.TABLENAME',RESEED, 0)
非常に遅いため、数百万以上のレコードがある場合、これはおそらく望ましいことではないことに注意してください。
TRUNCATE TABLEはDDLコマンドなので、テーブル内のレコードが子テーブル内のレコードによって参照されているかどうかを確認できません。
これがDELETE機能し、TRUNCATE TABLE機能しない理由です。データベースは、別のレコードによって参照されていないことを確認できるためです。
なし ALTER TABLE
-- Delete all records
DELETE FROM [TableName]
-- Set current ID to "1"
-- If table already contains data, use "0"
-- If table is empty and never insert data, use "1"
-- Use SP https://github.com/reduardo7/TableTruncate
DBCC CHECKIDENT ([TableName], RESEED, 0)
https://github.com/reduardo7/TableTruncate
これは非常に遅いため、数百万以上のレコードがある場合、これはおそらく望ましいことではないことに注意してください。
上記で提供された@denver_citizenの解決策は私にとってはうまくいきませんでしたが、私はその精神が好きだったのでいくつか変更しました：
公衆のために、ここに更新されたスクリプトがあります：
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[truncate_non_empty_table]
@TableToTruncate VARCHAR(64)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
-- GLOBAL VARIABLES
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @Debug bit
DECLARE @Recycle bit
DECLARE @Verbose bit
DECLARE @TableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedTableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ConstraintName varchar(250)
DECLARE @CreateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @CreateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @Statement varchar(max)
-- 1 = Will not execute statements
SET @Debug = 0
-- 0 = Will not create or truncate storage table
-- 1 = Will create or truncate storage table
SET @Recycle = 0
-- 1 = Will print a message on every step
set @Verbose = 1
SET @i = 1
SET @CreateStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>] FOREIGN KEY([<column>]) REFERENCES [dbo].[<reftable>] ([<refcolumn>])'
SET @DropStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] DROP CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>]'
SET @TruncateStatement = 'TRUNCATE TABLE [<tablename>]'
-- Drop Temporary tables
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FKs') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FKs
-- GET FKs
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id), clm1.name) as ID,
OBJECT_NAME(constraint_object_id) as ConstraintName,
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) as TableName,
clm1.name as ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName,
clm2.name as ReferencedColumnName
INTO #FKs
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN sys.columns clm1
ON fk.parent_column_id = clm1.column_id
AND fk.parent_object_id = clm1.object_id
JOIN sys.columns clm2
ON fk.referenced_column_id = clm2.column_id
AND fk.referenced_object_id= clm2.object_id
--WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) not in ('//tables that you do not wont to be truncated')
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = @TableToTruncate
ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
-- Prepare Storage Table
IF Not EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'Internal_FK_Definition_Storage')
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Creating Process Specific Tables...'
-- CREATE STORAGE TABLE IF IT DOES NOT EXISTS
CREATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
(
ID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
FK_Name varchar(250) not null,
FK_CreationStatement varchar(max) not null,
FK_DestructionStatement varchar(max) not null,
Table_TruncationStatement varchar(max) not null
)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Truncating Process Specific Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLE IF IT ALREADY EXISTS
TRUNCATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
END
ELSE
PRINT '1. Process specific table will be recycled from previous execution...'
END
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '2. Backing up Foreign Key Definitions...'
-- Fetch and persist FKs
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM #FKs))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT ConstraintName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @TableName = (SELECT TableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ColumnName = (SELECT ColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedTableName = (SELECT ReferencedTableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedColumnName = (SELECT ReferencedColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @DropStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(@DropStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName)
SET @CreateStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@CreateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<column>',@ColumnName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName),'<reftable>',@ReferencedTableName),'<refcolumn>',@ReferencedColumnName)
SET @TruncateStatementTemp = REPLACE(@TruncateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName)
INSERT INTO [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
SELECT @ConstraintName, @CreateStatementTemp, @DropStatementTemp, @TruncateStatementTemp
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Backing up [' + @ConstraintName + '] from [' + @TableName + ']'
END
END
ELSE
PRINT '2. Backup up was recycled from previous execution...'
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '3. Dropping Foreign Keys...'
-- DROP FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_DestructionStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Dropping [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '4. Truncating Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLES
-- SzP: commented out as the tables to be truncated might also contain tables that has foreign keys
-- to resolve this the stored procedure should be called recursively, but I dont have the time to do it...
/*
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @Statement = (SELECT Table_TruncationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > ' + @Statement
END
*/
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']'
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT 'TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']'
ELSE
EXEC('TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']')
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '5. Re-creating Foreign Keys...'
-- CREATE FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_CreationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Re-creating [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '6. Process Completed'
END
deleteステートメントを使用してテーブル内のすべての行を削除した後、次のコマンドを使用します
delete from tablename
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('tablename', RESEED, 0)
編集：SQL Serverの構文を修正
TRUNCATEログを回避し、DELETE大きなテーブルよりもかなり高速です。そのため、これは真の同等のソリューションではありません。
まあ、私が使用した非常に単純な解決策の例が見つからなかったので、それは：
ここに行く：
1）失敗の原因となっている外部キー名を見つけます（例：FK_PROBLEM_REASON、フィールド付きID、テーブルからTABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT）2）テーブルからそのキーを削除します。
ALTER TABLE TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT DROP CONSTRAINT FK_PROBLEM_REASON3）必要なテーブルを切り捨てます
TRUNCATE TABLE TABLE_TO_TRUNCATE4）その最初のテーブルにキーを再度追加します。
ALTER TABLE TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT ADD CONSTRAINT FK_PROBLEM_REASON FOREIGN KEY(ID) REFERENCES TABLE_TO_TRUNCATE (ID)それでおしまい。
これは、プロセスを自動化するために私が作成したスクリプトです。お役に立てば幸いです。
SET NOCOUNT ON
-- GLOBAL VARIABLES
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @Debug bit
DECLARE @Recycle bit
DECLARE @Verbose bit
DECLARE @TableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedTableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ConstraintName varchar(250)
DECLARE @CreateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @CreateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @Statement varchar(max)
-- 1 = Will not execute statements
SET @Debug = 0
-- 0 = Will not create or truncate storage table
-- 1 = Will create or truncate storage table
SET @Recycle = 0
-- 1 = Will print a message on every step
set @Verbose = 1
SET @i = 1
SET @CreateStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>] FOREIGN KEY([<column>]) REFERENCES [dbo].[<reftable>] ([<refcolumn>])'
SET @DropStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] DROP CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>]'
SET @TruncateStatement = 'TRUNCATE TABLE [<tablename>]'
-- Drop Temporary tables
DROP TABLE #FKs
-- GET FKs
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id), clm1.name) as ID,
OBJECT_NAME(constraint_object_id) as ConstraintName,
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) as TableName,
clm1.name as ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName,
clm2.name as ReferencedColumnName
INTO #FKs
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN sys.columns clm1
ON fk.parent_column_id = clm1.column_id
AND fk.parent_object_id = clm1.object_id
JOIN sys.columns clm2
ON fk.referenced_column_id = clm2.column_id
AND fk.referenced_object_id= clm2.object_id
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) not in ('//tables that you do not wont to be truncated')
ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
-- Prepare Storage Table
IF Not EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'Internal_FK_Definition_Storage')
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Creating Process Specific Tables...'
-- CREATE STORAGE TABLE IF IT DOES NOT EXISTS
CREATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
(
ID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
FK_Name varchar(250) not null,
FK_CreationStatement varchar(max) not null,
FK_DestructionStatement varchar(max) not null,
Table_TruncationStatement varchar(max) not null
)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Truncating Process Specific Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLE IF IT ALREADY EXISTS
TRUNCATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
END
ELSE
PRINT '1. Process specific table will be recycled from previous execution...'
END
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '2. Backing up Foreign Key Definitions...'
-- Fetch and persist FKs
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM #FKs))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT ConstraintName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @TableName = (SELECT TableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ColumnName = (SELECT ColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedTableName = (SELECT ReferencedTableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedColumnName = (SELECT ReferencedColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @DropStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(@DropStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName)
SET @CreateStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@CreateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<column>',@ColumnName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName),'<reftable>',@ReferencedTableName),'<refcolumn>',@ReferencedColumnName)
SET @TruncateStatementTemp = REPLACE(@TruncateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName)
INSERT INTO [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
SELECT @ConstraintName, @CreateStatementTemp, @DropStatementTemp, @TruncateStatementTemp
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Backing up [' + @ConstraintName + '] from [' + @TableName + ']'
END
END
ELSE
PRINT '2. Backup up was recycled from previous execution...'
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '3. Dropping Foreign Keys...'
-- DROP FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_DestructionStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Dropping [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '4. Truncating Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLES
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @Statement = (SELECT Table_TruncationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > ' + @Statement
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '5. Re-creating Foreign Keys...'
-- CREATE FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_CreationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Re-creating [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '6. Process Completed'
sys.foreign_keys表にあります。（参考文献）
この手順に従うことができます。これによりreseeding table、テーブルのデータを削除できます。
delete from table_name
dbcc checkident('table_name',reseed,0)エラーが発生した場合は、プライマリテーブルを再シードする必要があります。
私が正しく理解していれば、統合テストを含むクリーンな環境をDB用にセットアップすることをお勧めします。
ここでの私のアプローチは、スキーマ全体を削除して後で再作成することです。
ウェブの他の場所で見つかりました
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? DISABLE TRIGGER ALL'
-- EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?' -- Uncomment to execute
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? ENABLE TRIGGER ALL'制約を削除しないと、テーブルを切り捨てることはできません。無効化も機能しません。あなたはすべてを落とす必要があります。すべての制約を削除してから再作成するスクリプトを作成しました。
必ずトランザクションでラップしてください;）
SET NOCOUNT ON
GO
DECLARE @table TABLE(
RowId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1, 1),
ForeignKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200)
)
INSERT INTO @table(ForeignKeyConstraintName, ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema, ForeignKeyConstraintTableName, ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName)
SELECT
U.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
U.TABLE_SCHEMA,
U.TABLE_NAME,
U.COLUMN_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON U.CONSTRAINT_NAME = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE
C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintName = UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM
@table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS R
ON T.ForeignKeyConstraintName = R.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema = TABLE_SCHEMA,
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName = TABLE_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName = COLUMN_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = U.CONSTRAINT_NAME
--DROP CONSTRAINT:
DECLARE @dynSQL varchar(MAX);
DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
DROP CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + '
'
FROM
@table
OPEN cur
FETCH cur into @dynSQL
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
exec(@dynSQL)
print @dynSQL
FETCH cur into @dynSQL
END
CLOSE cur
DEALLOCATE cur
---------------------
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
truncate table your_table
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
---------------------
--ADD CONSTRAINT:
DECLARE cur2 CURSOR FOR
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
ADD CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + ' FOREIGN KEY(' + ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName + ') REFERENCES [' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName + '](' + PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName + ')
'
FROM
@table
OPEN cur2
FETCH cur2 into @dynSQL
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
exec(@dynSQL)
print @dynSQL
FETCH cur2 into @dynSQL
END
CLOSE cur2
DEALLOCATE cur2@denver_citizenと@Peter Szantoの回答は私にとってはうまくいきませんでしたが、次のように修正しました：
DECLARE @Debug bit = 0;
-- List of tables to truncate
select
SchemaName, Name
into #tables
from (values
('schema', 'table')
,('schema2', 'table2')
) as X(SchemaName, Name)
BEGIN TRANSACTION TruncateTrans;
with foreignKeys AS (
SELECT
SCHEMA_NAME(fk.schema_id) as SchemaName
,fk.Name as ConstraintName
,OBJECT_NAME(fk.parent_object_id) as TableName
,SCHEMA_NAME(t.SCHEMA_ID) as ReferencedSchemaName
,OBJECT_NAME(fk.referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName
,fc.constraint_column_id
,COL_NAME(fk.parent_object_id, fc.parent_column_id) AS ColumnName
,COL_NAME(fk.referenced_object_id, fc.referenced_column_id) as ReferencedColumnName
,fk.delete_referential_action_desc
,fk.update_referential_action_desc
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
ON fk.object_id = fc.constraint_object_id
JOIN #tables tbl
ON OBJECT_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id) = tbl.Name
JOIN sys.tables t on OBJECT_NAME(t.object_id) = tbl.Name
and SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) = tbl.SchemaName
and t.OBJECT_ID = fc.referenced_object_id
)
select
quotename(fk.ConstraintName) AS ConstraintName
,quotename(fk.SchemaName) + '.' + quotename(fk.TableName) AS TableName
,quotename(fk.ReferencedSchemaName) + '.' + quotename(fk.ReferencedTableName) AS ReferencedTableName
,replace(fk.delete_referential_action_desc, '_', ' ') AS DeleteAction
,replace(fk.update_referential_action_desc, '_', ' ') AS UpdateAction
,STUFF((
SELECT ',' + quotename(fk2.ColumnName)
FROM foreignKeys fk2
WHERE fk2.ConstraintName = fk.ConstraintName and fk2.SchemaName = fk.SchemaName
ORDER BY fk2.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,'') AS ColumnNames
,STUFF((
SELECT ',' + quotename(fk2.ReferencedColumnName)
FROM foreignKeys fk2
WHERE fk2.ConstraintName = fk.ConstraintName and fk2.SchemaName = fk.SchemaName
ORDER BY fk2.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,'') AS ReferencedColumnNames
into #FKs
from foreignKeys fk
GROUP BY fk.SchemaName, fk.ConstraintName, fk.TableName, fk.ReferencedSchemaName, fk.ReferencedTableName, fk.delete_referential_action_desc, fk.update_referential_action_desc
-- Drop FKs
select
identity(int,1,1) as ID,
'ALTER TABLE ' + fk.TableName + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + fk.ConstraintName AS script
into #scripts
from #FKs fk
-- Truncate
insert into #scripts
select distinct
'TRUNCATE TABLE ' + quotename(tbl.SchemaName) + '.' + quotename(tbl.Name) AS script
from #tables tbl
-- Recreate
insert into #scripts
select
'ALTER TABLE ' + fk.TableName +
' WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT ' + fk.ConstraintName +
' FOREIGN KEY ('+ fk.ColumnNames +')' +
' REFERENCES ' + fk.ReferencedTableName +' ('+ fk.ReferencedColumnNames +')' +
' ON DELETE ' + fk.DeleteAction COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AS_KS_WS + ' ON UPDATE ' + fk.UpdateAction COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AS_KS_WS AS script
from #FKs fk
DECLARE @script nvarchar(MAX);
DECLARE curScripts CURSOR FOR
select script
from #scripts
order by ID
OPEN curScripts
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM curScripts INTO @script
IF @@FETCH_STATUS != 0 BREAK;
print @script;
IF @Debug = 0
EXEC (@script);
END
CLOSE curScripts
DEALLOCATE curScripts
drop table #scripts
drop table #FKs
drop table #tables
COMMIT TRANSACTION TruncateTrans;切り捨ては私にとってはうまくいきませんでした、削除+再シードが最善の方法です。削除+再シードを実行するために膨大な数のテーブルを反復処理する必要のある人がいる場合、ID列がないテーブルで問題が発生する可能性があります。次のコードは、ID列が存在するかどうかを確認する前に確認します再シードする
EXEC ('DELETE FROM [schemaName].[tableName]')
IF EXISTS (Select * from sys.identity_columns where object_name(object_id) = 'tableName')
BEGIN
EXEC ('DBCC CHECKIDENT ([schemaName.tableName], RESEED, 0)')
END私は次の方法を書いて、それらをパラメーター化しようとしました。そうすれば、それらをQuery documentOrで実行したり、それらを簡単に使用SPできるようにすることができます。
テーブルに数百万のレコードがない場合、これは適切に機能し、Alterコマンドはありません。
---------------------------------------------------------------
------------------- Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @DbName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'MyDb' --< Db Name
DECLARE @Schema AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'dbo' --< Schema
DECLARE @TableName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Book' --< Table Name
------------------ /Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
DECLARE @Query AS NVARCHAR(500) = 'Delete FROM ' + @TableName
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
SET @Query=@DbName+'.'+@Schema+'.'+@TableName
DBCC CHECKIDENT (@Query,RESEED, 0)テーブルに数百万のレコードがある場合、またはコードのAlterコマンドに問題がない場合は、次のコードを使用します。
-- Book Student
--
-- | BookId | Field1 | | StudentId | BookId |
-- --------------------- ------------------------
-- | 1 | A | | 2 | 1 |
-- | 2 | B | | 1 | 1 |
-- | 3 | C | | 2 | 3 |
---------------------------------------------------------------
------------------- Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @DbName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'MyDb'
DECLARE @Schema AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'dbo'
DECLARE @TableName_ToTruncate AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Book'
DECLARE @TableName_OfOwnerOfConstraint AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Student' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
DECLARE @Ref_ColumnName_In_TableName_ToTruncate AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'BookId' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
DECLARE @FK_ColumnName_In_TableOfOwnerOfConstraint AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Fk_BookId' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
DECLARE @FK_ConstraintName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'FK_Book_Constraint' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
------------------ /Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
DECLARE @Query AS NVARCHAR(2000)
SET @Query= 'ALTER TABLE '+@TableName_OfOwnerOfConstraint+' DROP CONSTRAINT '+@FK_ConstraintName
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
SET @Query= 'Truncate Table '+ @TableName_ToTruncate
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
SET @Query= 'ALTER TABLE '+@TableName_OfOwnerOfConstraint+' ADD CONSTRAINT '+@FK_ConstraintName+' FOREIGN KEY('+@FK_ColumnName_In_TableOfOwnerOfConstraint+') REFERENCES '+@TableName_ToTruncate+'('+@Ref_ColumnName_In_TableName_ToTruncate+')'
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Queryそれがこの問題の私の解決策です。PKを変更するために使用しましたが、考え方は同じです。これが役立つことを願っています）
PRINT 'Script starts'
DECLARE @foreign_key_name varchar(255)
DECLARE @keycnt int
DECLARE @foreign_table varchar(255)
DECLARE @foreign_column_1 varchar(255)
DECLARE @foreign_column_2 varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_table varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_column_1 varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_column_2 varchar(255)
DECLARE @TablN varchar(255)
-->> Type the primary table name
SET @TablN = ''
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
--Here will be created the temporary table with all reference FKs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Creating the temporary table'
select cast(f.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_key_name
, r.keycnt
, cast(c.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_table
, cast(fc.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_column_1
, cast(fc2.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_column_2
, cast(p.name as varchar(255)) as primary_table
, cast(rc.name as varchar(255)) as primary_column_1
, cast(rc2.name as varchar(255)) as primary_column_2
into #ConTab
from sysobjects f
inner join sysobjects c on f.parent_obj = c.id
inner join sysreferences r on f.id = r.constid
inner join sysobjects p on r.rkeyid = p.id
inner join syscolumns rc on r.rkeyid = rc.id and r.rkey1 = rc.colid
inner join syscolumns fc on r.fkeyid = fc.id and r.fkey1 = fc.colid
left join syscolumns rc2 on r.rkeyid = rc2.id and r.rkey2 = rc.colid
left join syscolumns fc2 on r.fkeyid = fc2.id and r.fkey2 = fc.colid
where f.type = 'F' and p.name = @TablN
ORDER BY cast(p.name as varchar(255))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cursor, below, will drop all reference FKs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @CURSOR CURSOR
/*Fill in cursor*/
PRINT 'Cursor 1 starting. All refernce FK will be droped'
SET @CURSOR = CURSOR SCROLL
FOR
select foreign_key_name
, keycnt
, foreign_table
, foreign_column_1
, foreign_column_2
, primary_table
, primary_column_1
, primary_column_2
from #ConTab
OPEN @CURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE ['+@foreign_table+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+@foreign_key_name+']')
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
END
CLOSE @CURSOR
PRINT 'Cursor 1 finished work'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Here you should provide the chainging script for the primary table
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Altering primary table begin'
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
PRINT 'Altering finished'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cursor, below, will add again all reference FKs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Cursor 2 starting. All refernce FK will added'
SET @CURSOR = CURSOR SCROLL
FOR
select foreign_key_name
, keycnt
, foreign_table
, foreign_column_1
, foreign_column_2
, primary_table
, primary_column_1
, primary_column_2
from #ConTab
OPEN @CURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [' +@foreign_table+ '] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' +@foreign_key_name+ '] FOREIGN KEY(['+@foreign_column_1+'])
REFERENCES [' +@primary_table+'] (['+@primary_column_1+'])')
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [' +@foreign_table+ '] CHECK CONSTRAINT [' +@foreign_key_name+']')
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
END
CLOSE @CURSOR
PRINT 'Cursor 2 finished work'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Temporary table droping'
drop table #ConTab
PRINT 'Finish'の場合MS SQL、少なくとも新しいバージョンでは、次のようなコードで制約を無効にすることができます。
ALTER TABLE Orders
NOCHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Orders_dbo.Customers_Customer_Id]
GO
TRUNCATE TABLE Customers
GO
ALTER TABLE Orders
WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Orders_dbo.Customers_Customer_Id]
GO以下は、FK制約がある場合でも機能し、次の回答を組み合わせて指定されたテーブルのみを削除します。
USE [YourDB];
DECLARE @TransactionName varchar(20) = 'stopdropandroll';
BEGIN TRAN @TransactionName;
set xact_abort on; /* automatic rollback https://stackoverflow.com/a/1749788/1037948 */
-- ===== DO WORK // =====
-- dynamic sql placeholder
DECLARE @SQL varchar(300);
-- LOOP: https://stackoverflow.com/a/10031803/1037948
-- list of things to loop
DECLARE @delim char = ';';
DECLARE @foreach varchar(MAX) = 'Table;Names;Separated;By;Delimiter' + @delim + 'AnotherName' + @delim + 'Still Another';
DECLARE @token varchar(MAX);
WHILE len(@foreach) > 0
BEGIN
-- set current loop token
SET @token = left(@foreach, charindex(@delim, @foreach+@delim)-1)
-- ======= DO WORK // ===========
-- dynamic sql (parentheses are required): https://stackoverflow.com/a/989111/1037948
SET @SQL = 'DELETE FROM [' + @token + ']; DBCC CHECKIDENT (''' + @token + ''',RESEED, 0);'; -- https://stackoverflow.com/a/11784890
PRINT @SQL;
EXEC (@SQL);
-- ======= // END WORK ===========
-- continue loop, chopping off token
SET @foreach = stuff(@foreach, 1, charindex(@delim, @foreach+@delim), '')
END
-- ===== // END WORK =====
-- review and commit
SELECT @@TRANCOUNT as TransactionsPerformed, @@ROWCOUNT as LastRowsChanged;
COMMIT TRAN @TransactionName;注意：
テーブルを削除する順序で宣言すること（つまり、最初に依存関係をkillすること）が役立つと思います。この回答に示されているように、特定の名前をループするのではなく、すべてのテーブルを
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?; DBCC CHECKIDENT (''?'',RESEED, 0);';DELETE と同じではありませんTRUNCATE。これにより、トランザクションログがいっぱいになります。
唯一の方法は、切り捨てを行う前に外部キーを削除することです。また、データを切り捨てた後、インデックスを再作成する必要があります。
次のスクリプトは、すべての外部キー制約を削除するために必要なSQLを生成します。
DECLARE @drop NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'';
SELECT @drop += N'
ALTER TABLE ' + QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name)
+ ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name) + ';'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs
ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id];
SELECT @drop次に、次のスクリプトは、外部キーを再作成するために必要なSQLを生成します。
DECLARE @create NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'';
SELECT @create += N'
ALTER TABLE '
+ QUOTENAME(cs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(ct.name)
+ ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' + QUOTENAME(fk.name)
+ ' FOREIGN KEY (' + STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the columns in the constraint table
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
ON fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N''), TYPE).value(N'.[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'')
+ ') REFERENCES ' + QUOTENAME(rs.name) + '.' + QUOTENAME(rt.name)
+ '(' + STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(c.name)
-- get all the referenced columns
FROM sys.columns AS c
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
ON fkc.referenced_column_id = c.column_id
AND fkc.referenced_object_id = c.[object_id]
WHERE fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id]
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH(N''), TYPE).value(N'.[1]', N'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, N'') + ');'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS rt -- referenced table
ON fk.referenced_object_id = rt.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS rs
ON rt.[schema_id] = rs.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS ct -- constraint table
ON fk.parent_object_id = ct.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS cs
ON ct.[schema_id] = cs.[schema_id]
WHERE rt.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND ct.is_ms_shipped = 0;
SELECT @create生成されたスクリプトを実行してすべての外部キーを削除し、テーブルを切り捨ててから、生成されたスクリプトを実行してすべての外部キーを再作成します。
SSMSでは、ダイアグラムを開いてキーを表示しました。キーを削除してファイルを切り詰めた後、更新してダイアグラムに戻り、IDボックスをクリアして復元することで更新を作成しました。ダイアグラムを保存すると、[作業中にデータベースが変更されました]ダイアログボックスではなく[保存]ダイアログボックスが表示され、[はい]をクリックするとキーが復元され、ダイアグラムのラッチされたコピーから復元されます。
これを何らかの頻度で実行している場合は、スケジュールでも、DMLステートメントを使用することは絶対にありません。トランザクションログへの書き込みコストは非常に高く、SIMPLE1つのテーブルを切り捨てるためにデータベース全体をリカバリモードに設定するのはばかげています。
最善の方法は、残念ながら困難または面倒な方法です。それは：
これを行うための私のプロセスには、次の手順が含まれます。
このようなスクリプトは、およびブロック内で実行する必要がbegin tranありcommit tranます。
最初に子テーブルの制約を無効にする限り、子に外部キー制約がある親テーブルでTRUNCATEテーブルを使用できることがわかりました。例えば
子テーブルの外部キーCONSTRAINT child_par_ref、PARENT_TABLEを参照
ALTER TABLE CHILD_TABLE DISABLE CONSTRAINT child_par_ref;
TRUNCATE TABLE CHILD_TABLE;
TRUNCATE TABLE PARENT_TABLE;
ALTER TABLE CHILD_TABLE ENABLE CONSTRAINT child_par_ref;あなたは試すことができDELETE FROM <your table >;ます。
サーバーは制限の名前とテーブルを表示し、そのテーブルを削除すると必要なものを削除できます。
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
TRUNCATE table1;
TRUNCATE table2;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;MYSQLで私のために働く