C ++、27243文字グリッド(248x219、50.2%塗りつぶし)
(最初に参照として投稿した1Dバウンドを保持したいので、これを新しい回答として投稿します)
この露骨な切り取りは、主な構造における@AndersKaseorgの回答に大きく影響されていますが、いくつかの調整があります。最初に、元のプログラムを使用して、利用可能な最適なオーバーラップがわずか3文字になるまで文字列をマージします。次に、AndersKaseorgが説明するメソッドを使用して、これらの生成された文字列を使用して2Dグリッドを徐々に塗りつぶします。制約も少し異なります:毎回最少の文字を追加しようとしますが、最初に正方形のグリッド、次に小さなグリッドを優先し、最後に最長の単語を追加することにより、タイが壊れます。
表示される動作は、スペースを埋める期間とグリッドを急速に拡大する期間を交互に繰り返すことです(残念ながら、急速な拡大段階の直後に単語がなくなったため、エッジの周りに多くの空白スペースがあります)。50%のスペース充填よりも良くなるようにコスト関数を微調整すると思います。
ここには2つの実行可能ファイルがあります(アルゴリズムを繰り返し改善するときにプロセス全体を再実行する必要を回避するため)。一方の出力は、もう一方に直接パイプできます。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdlib>
std::size_t calcOverlap(const std::string &a, const std::string &b, std::size_t limit, std::size_t minimal) {
std::size_t la = a.size();
for(std::size_t p = std::min(std::min(la, b.size()), limit + 1); -- p > minimal; ) {
if(a.compare(la - p, p, b, 0, p) == 0) {
return p;
}
}
return 0;
}
bool isSameReversed(const std::string &a, const std::string &b) {
std::size_t l = a.size();
if(b.size() != l) {
return false;
}
for(std::size_t i = 0; i < l; ++ i) {
if(a[i] != b[l-i-1]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
int main(int argc, const char *const *argv) {
// Usage: prog [<stop_threshold>]
std::size_t stopThreshold = 3;
if(argc >= 2) {
char *check;
long v = std::strtol(argv[1], &check, 10);
if(check == argv[1] || v < 0) {
std::cerr
<< "Invalid stop threshold. Should be an integer >= 0"
<< std::endl;
return 1;
}
stopThreshold = v;
}
std::vector<std::string> words;
// Load all words from input and their reverses (words can be backwards now)
while(true) {
std::string word;
std::getline(std::cin, word);
if(word.empty()) {
break;
}
words.push_back(word);
std::reverse(word.begin(), word.end());
words.push_back(std::move(word));
}
std::cerr
<< "Input word count: " << words.size() << std::endl;
// Remove all fully subsumed words
for(auto p = words.begin(); p != words.end(); ) {
bool subsumed = false;
for(auto i = words.begin(); i != words.end(); ++ i) {
if(i == p) {
continue;
}
if(i->find(*p) != std::string::npos) {
subsumed = true;
break;
}
}
if(subsumed) {
p = words.erase(p);
} else {
++ p;
}
}
std::cerr
<< "After subsuming checks: " << words.size()
<< std::endl;
// Sort words longest-to-shortest (not necessary but doesn't hurt. Makes finding maxlen a tiny bit easier)
std::sort(words.begin(), words.end(), [](const std::string &a, const std::string &b) {
return a.size() > b.size();
});
std::size_t maxlen = words.front().size();
// Repeatedly combine most-compatible words until we reach the threshold
std::size_t bestPossible = maxlen - 1;
while(words.size() > 2) {
auto bestA = words.begin();
auto bestB = -- words.end();
std::size_t bestOverlap = 0;
for(auto p = ++ words.begin(), e = words.end(); p != e; ++ p) {
if(p->size() - 1 <= bestOverlap) {
continue;
}
for(auto q = words.begin(); q != p; ++ q) {
std::size_t overlap = calcOverlap(*p, *q, bestPossible, bestOverlap);
if(overlap > bestOverlap && !isSameReversed(*p, *q)) {
bestA = p;
bestB = q;
bestOverlap = overlap;
}
overlap = calcOverlap(*q, *p, bestPossible, bestOverlap);
if(overlap > bestOverlap && !isSameReversed(*p, *q)) {
bestA = q;
bestB = p;
bestOverlap = overlap;
}
}
if(bestOverlap == bestPossible) {
break;
}
}
if(bestOverlap <= stopThreshold) {
break;
}
std::string newStr = std::move(*bestA);
newStr.append(*bestB, bestOverlap, std::string::npos);
if(bestA == -- words.end()) {
words.pop_back();
*bestB = std::move(words.back());
words.pop_back();
} else {
*bestB = std::move(words.back());
words.pop_back();
*bestA = std::move(words.back());
words.pop_back();
}
// Remove any words which are now in the result (forward or reverse)
// (would not be necessary if we didn't have the reversed forms too)
std::string newRev = newStr;
std::reverse(newRev.begin(), newRev.end());
for(auto p = words.begin(); p != words.end(); ) {
if(newStr.find(*p) != std::string::npos || newRev.find(*p) != std::string::npos) {
std::cerr << "Now subsumes: " << *p << std::endl;
p = words.erase(p);
} else {
++ p;
}
}
std::cerr
<< "Words remaining: " << (words.size() + 1)
<< " Latest combination: (" << bestOverlap << ") " << newStr
<< std::endl;
words.push_back(std::move(newStr));
words.push_back(std::move(newRev));
bestPossible = bestOverlap; // Merging existing words will never make longer merges possible
}
std::cerr
<< "After merging: " << words.size()
<< std::endl;
// Remove all fully subsumed words (i.e. reversed words)
for(auto p = words.begin(); p != words.end(); ) {
bool subsumed = false;
std::string rev = *p;
std::reverse(rev.begin(), rev.end());
for(auto i = words.begin(); i != words.end(); ++ i) {
if(i == p) {
continue;
}
if(i->find(*p) != std::string::npos || i->find(rev) != std::string::npos) {
subsumed = true;
break;
}
}
if(subsumed) {
p = words.erase(p);
} else {
++ p;
}
}
std::cerr
<< "After subsuming: " << words.size()
<< std::endl;
// Sort words longest-to-shortest for display
std::sort(words.begin(), words.end(), [](const std::string &a, const std::string &b) {
return a.size() > b.size();
});
std::size_t len = 0;
for(const auto &word : words) {
std::cout
<< word
<< std::endl;
len += word.size();
}
std::cerr
<< "Total size: " << len
<< std::endl;
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <limits>
class vec2 {
public:
int x;
int y;
vec2(void) : x(0), y(0) {};
vec2(int x, int y) : x(x), y(y) {}
bool operator ==(const vec2 &b) const {
return x == b.x && y == b.y;
}
vec2 &operator +=(const vec2 &b) {
x += b.x;
y += b.y;
return *this;
}
vec2 &operator -=(const vec2 &b) {
x -= b.x;
y -= b.y;
return *this;
}
vec2 operator +(const vec2 b) const {
return vec2(x + b.x, y + b.y);
}
vec2 operator *(const int b) const {
return vec2(x * b, y * b);
}
};
class box2 {
public:
vec2 tl;
vec2 br;
box2(void) : tl(), br() {};
box2(vec2 a, vec2 b)
: tl(std::min(a.x, b.x), std::min(a.y, b.y))
, br(std::max(a.x, b.x) + 1, std::max(a.y, b.y) + 1)
{}
void grow(const box2 &b) {
if(b.tl.x < tl.x) {
tl.x = b.tl.x;
}
if(b.br.x > br.x) {
br.x = b.br.x;
}
if(b.tl.y < tl.y) {
tl.y = b.tl.y;
}
if(b.br.y > br.y) {
br.y = b.br.y;
}
}
bool intersects(const box2 &b) const {
return (
((tl.x >= b.br.x) != (br.x > b.tl.x)) &&
((tl.y >= b.br.y) != (br.y > b.tl.y))
);
}
box2 &operator +=(const vec2 b) {
tl += b;
br += b;
return *this;
}
int width(void) const {
return br.x - tl.x;
}
int height(void) const {
return br.y - tl.y;
}
int maxdim(void) const {
return std::max(width(), height());
}
};
template <> struct std::hash<vec2> {
std::size_t operator ()(const vec2 &o) const {
return std::hash<int>()(o.x) + std::hash<int>()(o.y) * 997;
}
};
template <class A,class B> struct std::hash<std::pair<A,B>> {
std::size_t operator ()(const std::pair<A,B> &o) const {
return std::hash<A>()(o.first) + std::hash<B>()(o.second) * 31;
}
};
class word_placement {
public:
vec2 start;
vec2 dir;
box2 bounds;
const std::string *word;
word_placement(vec2 start, vec2 dir, const std::string *word)
: start(start)
, dir(dir)
, bounds(start, start + dir * (word->size() - 1))
, word(word)
{}
word_placement(vec2 start, const word_placement ©)
: start(copy.start + start)
, dir(copy.dir)
, bounds(copy.bounds)
, word(copy.word)
{
bounds += start;
}
word_placement(const word_placement ©)
: start(copy.start)
, dir(copy.dir)
, bounds(copy.bounds)
, word(copy.word)
{}
};
class word_placement_links {
public:
std::unordered_set<word_placement*> placements;
std::unordered_set<std::pair<char,word_placement*>> relativePlacements;
};
class grid {
public:
std::vector<std::string> wordCache; // Just a block of memory for our pointers to reference
std::unordered_map<vec2,char> state;
std::unordered_set<word_placement*> placements;
std::unordered_map<const std::string*,word_placement_links> wordPlacements;
std::unordered_map<char,std::unordered_set<word_placement*>> relativeWordPlacements;
box2 bound;
grid(const std::vector<std::string> &words) {
wordCache = words;
std::vector<vec2> directions;
directions.emplace_back(+1, 0);
directions.emplace_back(+1, +1);
directions.emplace_back( 0, +1);
directions.emplace_back(-1, +1);
directions.emplace_back(-1, 0);
directions.emplace_back(-1, -1);
directions.emplace_back( 0, -1);
directions.emplace_back(+1, -1);
wordPlacements.reserve(wordCache.size());
placements.reserve(wordCache.size());
relativeWordPlacements.reserve(64);
std::size_t total = 0;
for(const std::string &word : wordCache) {
word_placement_links &p = wordPlacements[&word];
p.placements.reserve(8);
auto &rp = p.relativePlacements;
std::size_t l = word.size();
rp.reserve(l * directions.size());
for(int i = 0; i < l; ++ i) {
for(const vec2 &d : directions) {
word_placement *rwp = new word_placement(d * -i, d, &word);
rp.emplace(word[i], rwp);
relativeWordPlacements[word[i]].insert(rwp);
}
}
total += l;
}
state.reserve(total);
}
const std::string *find_word(const std::string &word) const {
for(const std::string &w : wordCache) {
if(w == word) {
return &w;
}
}
throw std::string("Failed to find word in cache");
}
void remove_word(const std::string *word) {
const word_placement_links &links = wordPlacements[word];
for(word_placement *p : links.placements) {
placements.erase(p);
delete p;
}
for(auto &p : links.relativePlacements) {
relativeWordPlacements[p.first].erase(p.second);
delete p.second;
}
wordPlacements.erase(word);
}
void remove_placement(word_placement *placement) {
wordPlacements[placement->word].placements.erase(placement);
placements.erase(placement);
delete placement;
}
bool check_placement(const word_placement &placement) const {
vec2 p = placement.start;
for(const char c : *placement.word) {
auto i = state.find(p);
if(i != state.end() && i->second != c) {
return false;
}
p += placement.dir;
}
return true;
}
int check_new(const word_placement &placement) const {
int n = 0;
vec2 p = placement.start;
for(const char c : *placement.word) {
n += !state.count(p);
p += placement.dir;
}
return n;
}
void check_placements(const box2 &b) {
for(auto i = placements.begin(); i != placements.end(); ) {
if(!b.intersects((*i)->bounds) || check_placement(**i)) {
++ i;
} else {
i = placements.erase(i);
}
}
}
void add_placement(const vec2 p, const word_placement &relative) {
word_placement check(p, relative);
if(check_placement(check)) {
word_placement *wp = new word_placement(check);
placements.insert(wp);
wordPlacements[relative.word].placements.insert(wp);
}
}
void place(word_placement placement) {
remove_word(placement.word);
int overlap = 0;
for(const char c : *placement.word) {
char &g = state[placement.start];
if(g == '\0') {
g = c;
for(const word_placement *rp : relativeWordPlacements[c]) {
add_placement(placement.start, *rp);
}
} else if(g != c) {
throw std::string("New word changes an existing character!");
} else {
++ overlap;
}
placement.start += placement.dir;
}
bound.grow(placement.bounds);
check_placements(placement.bounds);
std::cerr
<< draw('.', "\n")
<< "Added " << *placement.word << " (overlap: " << overlap << ")"
<< ", Grid: " << bound.width() << "x" << bound.height() << " of " << state.size() << " chars"
<< ", Words remaining: " << wordPlacements.size()
<< std::endl;
}
int check_cost(box2 b) const {
b.grow(bound);
return (
((b.maxdim() - bound.maxdim()) << 16) |
(b.width() + b.height() - bound.width() - bound.height())
);
}
void add_next(void) {
int bestNew = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
int bestCost = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
int bestLen = 0;
word_placement *best = nullptr;
for(word_placement *p : placements) {
int n = check_new(*p);
if(n <= bestNew) {
int l = p->word->size();
int cost = check_cost(box2(p->start, p->start + p->dir * l));
if(n < bestNew || cost < bestCost || (cost == bestCost && l < bestLen)) {
bestNew = n;
bestCost = cost;
bestLen = l;
best = p;
}
}
}
if(best == nullptr) {
throw std::string("Failed to find join to existing blob");
}
place(*best);
}
void fill(void) {
while(!placements.empty()) {
add_next();
}
}
std::string draw(char blank, const std::string &linesep) const {
std::string result;
result.reserve((bound.width() + linesep.size()) * bound.height());
for(int y = bound.tl.y; y < bound.br.y; ++ y) {
for(int x = bound.tl.x; x < bound.br.x; ++ x) {
auto c = state.find(vec2(x, y));
result.push_back((c == state.end()) ? blank : c->second);
}
result.append(linesep);
}
return result;
}
box2 bounds(void) const {
return bound;
}
int chars(void) const {
return state.size();
}
};
int main(int argc, const char *const *argv) {
std::vector<std::string> words;
// Load all words from input
while(true) {
std::string word;
std::getline(std::cin, word);
if(word.empty()) {
break;
}
words.push_back(std::move(word));
}
std::cerr
<< "Input word count: " << words.size() << std::endl;
// initialise grid
grid g(words);
// add first word (order of input file means this is longest word)
g.place(word_placement(vec2(0, 0), vec2(1, 0), g.find_word(words.front())));
// add all other words
g.fill();
std::cout << g.draw('.', "\n");
int w = g.bounds().width();
int h = g.bounds().height();
int n = g.chars();
std::cerr
<< "Final grid: " << w << "x" << h
<< " with " << n << " characters"
<< " (" << (n * 100.0 / (w * h)) << "% filled)"
<< std::endl;
return 0;
}
そして最後に、結果:
別の結果(特定の方向にバイアスをかけ、コスト関数を調整していたプログラムのいくつかのバグを修正した後、私はよりコンパクトだが最適ではないソリューションを得た):29275文字、198x195(75.8%満たされた):
繰り返しますが、これらのプログラムを最適化するために多くのことを行っていないため、しばらく時間がかかります。しかし、グリッドを埋める様子を見ることができます。これは非常に催眠術的です。