これは、現在または将来、いつでも有線(シリアル化/非シリアル化)で行われますか?who-knows-how-largeのフルオブジェクトではなく、単一のIDタイプを優先します。
エンティティに対するIDのタイプセーフを探している場合は、コードソリューションもあります。例が必要な場合はお知らせください。
編集:IDの型安全性の拡張:
だから、あなたの方法を取りましょう:
public Foo GetItem(int id) {}
私たちは願ってい整数ことidに渡されたためであるFooオブジェクト。誰かがそれを誤用して、あるBarオブジェクトの整数ID を渡すか、またはに手動で入力することさえでき812341ます。に対してタイプセーフではありませんFoo。第二に、オブジェクトFooバージョンのパスを使用した場合でも、誰かが変更できるFooIDフィールドintがあるはずです。最後に、戻り値の型のみが異なるため、これらがクラス内に同時に存在する場合、メソッドのオーバーロードを使用できません。C#でタイプセーフに見えるように、このメソッドを少し書き直しましょう。
public Foo GetItem(IntId<Foo> id) {}
そこでIntId、汎用的な部分を持つ名前の付いたクラスを導入しました。この特定のケースではint、Fooのみに関連付けられているものが必要です。裸のまま渡すことintもIntId<Bar>、誤って割り当てることもできません。以下に、これらのタイプセーフな識別子の記述方法を示します。基礎となる実際の操作があることテイクノートを行いintあるのみ、あなたのデータアクセス層で。上記のすべては、強い型のみを認識し、その内部intID への(直接)アクセス権はありません。理由はないはずです。
IModelId.csインターフェース:
namespace GenericIdentifiers
{
    using System.Runtime.Serialization;
    using System.ServiceModel;
    /// <summary>
    /// Defines an interface for an object's unique key in order to abstract out the underlying key
    /// generation/maintenance mechanism.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">The type the key is representing.</typeparam>
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IModelId<T> where T : class
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets a string representation of the domain the model originated from.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The origin.</value>
        [DataMember]
        string Origin
        {
            [OperationContract]get;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The model instance identifier for the model object that this <see cref="IModelId{T}"/> refers to.
        /// Typically, this is a database key, file name, or some other unique identifier.
        /// <typeparam name="TKeyDataType">The expected data type of the identifier.</typeparam>
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TKeyDataType">The expected data type of the identifier.</typeparam>
        /// <returns>The unique key as the data type specified.</returns>
        [OperationContract]
        TKeyDataType GetKey<TKeyDataType>();
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an equality check on the two model identifiers and returns <c>true</c> if they are equal; otherwise
        /// <c>false</c> is returned.  All implementations must also override the equal operator.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The identifier to compare against.</param>
        /// <returns><c>true</c> if the identifiers are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.</returns>
        [OperationContract]
        bool Equals(IModelId<T> obj);
    }
}
ModelIdBase.cs基本クラス:
namespace GenericIdentifiers
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization;
    /// <summary>
    /// Represents an object's unique key in order to abstract out the underlying key generation/maintenance mechanism.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">The type the key is representing.</typeparam>
    [DataContract(IsReference = true)]
    [KnownType("GetKnownTypes")]
    public abstract class ModelIdBase<T> : IModelId<T> where T : class
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets a string representation of the domain the model originated from.
        /// </summary>
        [DataMember]
        public string Origin
        {
            get;
            internal set;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The model instance identifier for the model object that this <see cref="ModelIdBase{T}"/> refers to.
        /// Typically, this is a database key, file name, or some other unique identifier.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TKeyDataType">The expected data type of the identifier.</typeparam>
        /// <returns>The unique key as the data type specified.</returns>
        public abstract TKeyDataType GetKey<TKeyDataType>();
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an equality check on the two model identifiers and returns <c>true</c> if they are equal;
        /// otherwise <c>false</c> is returned. All implementations must also override the equal operator.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The identifier to compare against.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the identifiers are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public abstract bool Equals(IModelId<T> obj);
        protected static IEnumerable<Type> GetKnownTypes()
        {
            return new[] { typeof(IntId<T>), typeof(GuidId<T>) };
        }
    }
}
IntId.cs:
namespace GenericIdentifiers
{
    // System namespaces
    using System;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.Globalization;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization;
    /// <summary>
    /// Represents an abstraction of the database key for a Model Identifier.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">The expected owner data type for this identifier.</typeparam>
    [DebuggerDisplay("Origin={Origin}, Integer Identifier={Id}")]
    [DataContract(IsReference = true)]
    public sealed class IntId<T> : ModelIdBase<T> where T : class
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the unique ID.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The unique ID.</value>
        [DataMember]
        internal int Id
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Implements the operator ==.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="intIdentifier1">The first Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <param name="intIdentifier2">The second Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the instances are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public static bool operator ==(IntId<T> intIdentifier1, IntId<T> intIdentifier2)
        {
            return object.Equals(intIdentifier1, intIdentifier2);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Implements the operator !=.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="intIdentifier1">The first Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <param name="intIdentifier2">The second Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the instances are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public static bool operator !=(IntId<T> intIdentifier1, IntId<T> intIdentifier2)
        {
            return !object.Equals(intIdentifier1, intIdentifier2);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an implicit conversion from <see cref="IntId{T}"/> to <see cref="System.Int32"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">The identifier.</param>
        /// <returns>The result of the conversion.</returns>
        public static implicit operator int(IntId<T> id)
        {
            return id == null ? int.MinValue : id.GetKey<int>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an implicit conversion from <see cref="System.Int32"/> to <see cref="IntId{T}"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">The identifier.</param>
        /// <returns>The result of the conversion.</returns>
        public static implicit operator IntId<T>(int id)
        {
            return new IntId<T> { Id = id };
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether the specified <see cref="T:System.Object"/> is equal to the current
        /// <see cref="T:System.Object"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The <see cref="T:System.Object"/> to compare with the current
        /// <see cref="T:System.Object"/>.</param>
        /// <returns>true if the specified <see cref="T:System.Object"/> is equal to the current
        /// <see cref="T:System.Object"/>; otherwise, false.</returns>
        /// <exception cref="T:System.NullReferenceException">The <paramref name="obj"/> parameter is null.</exception>
        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            return this.Equals(obj as IModelId<T>);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Serves as a hash function for a particular type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// A hash code for the current <see cref="T:System.Object"/>.
        /// </returns>
        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            unchecked
            {
                var hash = 17;
                hash = (23 * hash) + (this.Origin == null ? 0 : this.Origin.GetHashCode());
                return (31 * hash) + this.GetKey<int>().GetHashCode();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a <see cref="System.String"/> that represents this instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// A <see cref="System.String"/> that represents this instance.
        /// </returns>
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return this.Origin + ":" + this.GetKey<int>().ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an equality check on the two model identifiers and returns <c>true</c> if they are equal;
        /// otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.  All implementations must also override the equal operator.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The identifier to compare against.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the identifiers are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public override bool Equals(IModelId<T> obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return false;
            }
            return (obj.Origin == this.Origin) && (obj.GetKey<int>() == this.GetKey<int>());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The model instance identifier for the model object that this <see cref="ModelIdBase{T}"/> refers to.
        /// Typically, this is a database key, file name, or some other unique identifier.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TKeyDataType">The expected data type of the identifier.</typeparam>
        /// <returns>The unique key as the data type specified.</returns>
        public override TKeyDataType GetKey<TKeyDataType>()
        {
            return (TKeyDataType)Convert.ChangeType(this.Id, typeof(TKeyDataType), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Generates an object from its string representation.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The value of the model's type.</param>
        /// <returns>A new instance of this class as it's interface containing the value from the string.</returns>
        internal static ModelIdBase<T> FromString(string value)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
            }
            int id;
            var originAndId = value.Split(new[] { ":" }, StringSplitOptions.None);
            if (originAndId.Length != 2)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("value", "value must be in the format of Origin:Identifier");
            }
            return int.TryParse(originAndId[1], NumberStyles.None, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out id)
                ? new IntId<T> { Id = id, Origin = originAndId[0] }
                : null;
        }
    }
}
また、コードベースを完全にするために、GUIDエンティティのGuidId.csも作成しました。
namespace GenericIdentifiers
{
    // System namespaces
    using System;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using System.Globalization;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization;
    /// <summary>
    /// Represents an abstraction of the database key for a Model Identifier.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">The expected owner data type for this identifier.</typeparam>
    [DebuggerDisplay("Origin={Origin}, GUID={Id}")]
    [DataContract(IsReference = true)]
    public sealed class GuidId<T> : ModelIdBase<T> where T : class
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the unique ID.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The unique ID.</value>
        [DataMember]
        internal Guid Id
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Implements the operator ==.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="guidIdentifier1">The first Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <param name="guidIdentifier2">The second Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the instances are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public static bool operator ==(GuidId<T> guidIdentifier1, GuidId<T> guidIdentifier2)
        {
            return object.Equals(guidIdentifier1, guidIdentifier2);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Implements the operator !=.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="guidIdentifier1">The first Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <param name="guidIdentifier2">The second Model Identifier to compare.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the instances are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public static bool operator !=(GuidId<T> guidIdentifier1, GuidId<T> guidIdentifier2)
        {
            return !object.Equals(guidIdentifier1, guidIdentifier2);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an implicit conversion from <see cref="GuidId{T}"/> to <see cref="System.Guid"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">The identifier.</param>
        /// <returns>The result of the conversion.</returns>
        public static implicit operator Guid(GuidId<T> id)
        {
            return id == null ? Guid.Empty : id.GetKey<Guid>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an implicit conversion from <see cref="System.Guid"/> to <see cref="GuidId{T}"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">The identifier.</param>
        /// <returns>The result of the conversion.</returns>
        public static implicit operator GuidId<T>(Guid id)
        {
            return new GuidId<T> { Id = id };
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether the specified <see cref="T:System.Object"/> is equal to the current
        /// <see cref="T:System.Object"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The <see cref="T:System.Object"/> to compare with the current
        /// <see cref="T:System.Object"/>.</param>
        /// <returns>true if the specified <see cref="T:System.Object"/> is equal to the current
        /// <see cref="T:System.Object"/>; otherwise, false.</returns>
        /// <exception cref="T:System.NullReferenceException">The <paramref name="obj"/> parameter is null.</exception>
        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            return this.Equals(obj as IModelId<T>);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Serves as a hash function for a particular type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// A hash code for the current <see cref="T:System.Object"/>.
        /// </returns>
        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            unchecked
            {
                var hash = 17;
                hash = (23 * hash) + (this.Origin == null ? 0 : this.Origin.GetHashCode());
                return (31 * hash) + this.GetKey<Guid>().GetHashCode();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a <see cref="System.String"/> that represents this instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// A <see cref="System.String"/> that represents this instance.
        /// </returns>
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return this.Origin + ":" + this.GetKey<Guid>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs an equality check on the two model identifiers and returns <c>true</c> if they are equal;
        /// otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.  All implementations must also override the equal operator.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The identifier to compare against.</param>
        /// <returns>
        ///   <c>true</c> if the identifiers are equal; otherwise <c>false</c> is returned.
        /// </returns>
        public override bool Equals(IModelId<T> obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return false;
            }
            return (obj.Origin == this.Origin) && (obj.GetKey<Guid>() == this.GetKey<Guid>());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The model instance identifier for the model object that this <see cref="ModelIdBase{T}"/> refers to.
        /// Typically, this is a database key, file name, or some other unique identifier.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TKeyDataType">The expected data type of the identifier.</typeparam>
        /// <returns>The unique key as the data type specified.</returns>
        public override TKeyDataType GetKey<TKeyDataType>()
        {
            return (TKeyDataType)Convert.ChangeType(this.Id, typeof(TKeyDataType), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Generates an object from its string representation.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">The value of the model's type.</param>
        /// <returns>A new instance of this class as it's interface containing the value from the string.</returns>
        internal static ModelIdBase<T> FromString(string value)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
            }
            Guid id;
            var originAndId = value.Split(new[] { ":" }, StringSplitOptions.None);
            if (originAndId.Length != 2)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("value", "value must be in the format of Origin:Identifier");
            }
            return Guid.TryParse(originAndId[1], out id) ? new GuidId<T> { Id = id, Origin = originAndId[0] } : null;
        }
    }
}