回答:
更新:SQL Server 2016以降、TSQLでのJSONの解析が可能になりました。
本来、サポートはありません。CLRを使用する必要があります。非常にマゾヒスティックなストリークがあり、SQLでJSONパーサーを書きたい場合を除いて、それはそれと同じくらい簡単です。
通常、人々はDBからJSON出力を要求し、インターネット上に例があります。しかし、DBに?
JSONパーサーを作成したので、私は巨大なマゾヒスティックな筋を持っているようです。JSONドキュメントをSQL隣接リストテーブルに変換します。SQL隣接リストテーブルは、データテーブルの更新に簡単に使用できます。実際には、階層テーブルからJSON文字列に移動するという逆のプロセスを実行するためのコードを実行したという点で、私はさらに悪い結果を出しています。
記事およびコードはここにある:SQLサーバーでJSON文字列を消費します。
Select * from parseJSON('{ "Person": { "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Smith", "age": 25, "Address": { "streetAddress":"21 2nd Street", "city":"New York", "state":"NY", "postalCode":"10021" }, "PhoneNumbers": { "home":"212 555-1234", "fax":"646 555-4567" } } } ')
取得するため:
最後に、SQL Server 2016はネイティブJSONサポートを追加します!!
参照:
SQL Server 2016の追加機能は次のとおりです。
- Always
Encryptedによるセキュリティへの投資を締めくくる、行レベルのセキュリティとダイナミックデータマスキングのセキュリティ強化。- 複数の同期レプリカとセカンダリロード
バランシングによる、より堅牢な可用性と災害復旧のためのAlwaysOnの改善。- さまざまなタイプのデータのパフォーマンスとサポートを向上させるネイティブJSONサポート。
- SQL Server Enterprise Information Management(EIM)ツールとAnalysis Servicesは、パフォーマンス、使いやすさ、およびスケーラビリティのアップグレードを実現します。
- オンプレミスデータベースをAzureにバックアップおよび復元し
、SQL Server AlwaysOnセカンダリをAzureに配置する、より高速なハイブリッドバックアップ、高可用性、および災害復旧シナリオ。
お知らせ:http ://blogs.technet.com/b/dataplatforminsider/archive/2015/05/04/sql-server-2016-public-preview-coming-this-summer.aspx
機能のブログ投稿:http : //blogs.msdn.com/b/jocapc/archive/2015/05/16/json-support-in-sql-server-2016.aspx
SQL Server 2016は、json data
を使用した解析をサポートしていますOPENJSON
。を使用OPENJSON
してjson data
、行と列にマップできます。
きみの json Data
[
{ "id" : 2,"name": "John"},
{ "id" : 5,"name": "John"}
]
これがSQLでjsonを処理する方法です
//@pJson is json data passed from code.
INSERT INTO YourTable (id, Name)
SELECT id, name
FROM OPENJSON(@pJson)
WITH (id int,
name nvarchar(max))
ここでは、このトピックをカバーして詳細な記事です。
私は少し前に自分のSQL Server 2016+ JSONパーサーを開発しました。私はすべてのプロジェクトでこれを使用しています。非常に優れたパフォーマンスです。それが他の人にも役立つことを願っています。
関数の完全なコード:
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[SmartParseJSON] (@json NVARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS @Parsed TABLE (Parent NVARCHAR(MAX),Path NVARCHAR(MAX),Level INT,Param NVARCHAR(4000),Type NVARCHAR(255),Value NVARCHAR(MAX),GenericPath NVARCHAR(MAX))
AS
BEGIN
-- Author: Vitaly Borisov
-- Create date: 2018-03-23
;WITH crData AS (
SELECT CAST(NULL AS NVARCHAR(4000)) COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AS [Parent]
,j.[Key] AS [Param],j.Value,j.Type
,j.[Key] AS [Path],0 AS [Level]
,j.[Key] AS [GenericPath]
FROM OPENJSON(@json) j
UNION ALL
SELECT CAST(d.Path AS NVARCHAR(4000)) COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AS [Parent]
,j.[Key] AS [Param],j.Value,j.Type
,d.Path + CASE d.Type WHEN 5 THEN '.' WHEN 4 THEN '[' ELSE '' END + j.[Key] + CASE d.Type WHEN 4 THEN ']' ELSE '' END AS [Path]
,d.Level+1
,d.GenericPath + CASE d.Type WHEN 5 THEN '.' + j.[Key] ELSE '' END AS [GenericPath]
FROM crData d
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(d.Value) j
WHERE ISJSON(d.Value) = 1
)
INSERT INTO @Parsed(Parent, Path, Level, Param, Type, Value, GenericPath)
SELECT d.Parent,d.Path,d.Level,d.Param
,CASE d.Type
WHEN 1 THEN CASE WHEN TRY_CONVERT(UNIQUEIDENTIFIER,d.Value) IS NOT NULL THEN 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER' ELSE 'NVARCHAR(MAX)' END
WHEN 2 THEN 'INT'
WHEN 3 THEN 'BIT'
WHEN 4 THEN 'Array'
WHEN 5 THEN 'Object'
ELSE 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'
END AS [Type]
,CASE
WHEN d.Type = 3 AND d.Value = 'true' THEN '1'
WHEN d.Type = 3 AND d.Value = 'false' THEN '0'
ELSE d.Value
END AS [Value]
,d.GenericPath
FROM crData d
OPTION(MAXRECURSION 1000) /*Limit to 1000 levels deep*/
;
RETURN;
END
GO
使用例:
DECLARE @json NVARCHAR(MAX) = '{"Objects":[{"SomeKeyID":1,"Value":3}],"SomeParam":"Lalala"}';
SELECT j.Parent, j.Path, j.Level, j.Param, j.Type, j.Value, j.GenericPath
FROM dbo.SmartParseJSON(@json) j;
マルチレベルの使用例:
DECLARE @json NVARCHAR(MAX) = '{"Objects":[{"SomeKeyID":1,"Value":3}],"SomeParam":"Lalala"}';
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #ParsedData;
SELECT j.Parent, j.Path, j.Level, j.Param, j.Type, j.Value, j.GenericPath
INTO #ParsedData
FROM dbo.SmartParseJSON(@json) j;
SELECT COALESCE(p2.GenericPath,p.GenericPath) AS [GenericPath]
,COALESCE(p2.Param,p.Param) AS [Param]
,COALESCE(p2.Value,p.Value) AS [Value]
FROM #ParsedData p
LEFT JOIN #ParsedData p1 ON p1.Parent = p.Path AND p1.Level = 1
LEFT JOIN #ParsedData p2 ON p2.Parent = p1.Path AND p2.Level = 2
WHERE p.Level = 0
;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #ParsedData;
私はまた別のJSONパーサーを書いたので、私は巨大なマゾヒスティックな筋も持っています。これは手続き型アプローチを使用しています。構文解析されたデータを格納するために、similat SQL階層リストテーブルを使用します。また、パッケージには:
お気軽にご利用ください
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1000953/JSON-for-Sql-Server-Part
iif
場合は機能を少しOFFSET
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.parseJSON( @JSON NVARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS @hierarchy TABLE
(
element_id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL, /* internal surrogate primary key gives the order of parsing and the list order */
sequenceNo [int] NULL, /* the place in the sequence for the element */
parent_ID INT,/* if the element has a parent then it is in this column. The document is the ultimate parent, so you can get the structure from recursing from the document */
Object_ID INT,/* each list or object has an object id. This ties all elements to a parent. Lists are treated as objects here */
NAME NVARCHAR(2000),/* the name of the object */
StringValue NVARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,/*the string representation of the value of the element. */
ValueType VARCHAR(10) NOT null /* the declared type of the value represented as a string in StringValue*/
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@FirstObject INT, --the index of the first open bracket found in the JSON string
@OpenDelimiter INT,--the index of the next open bracket found in the JSON string
@NextOpenDelimiter INT,--the index of subsequent open bracket found in the JSON string
@NextCloseDelimiter INT,--the index of subsequent close bracket found in the JSON string
@Type NVARCHAR(10),--whether it denotes an object or an array
@NextCloseDelimiterChar CHAR(1),--either a '}' or a ']'
@Contents NVARCHAR(MAX), --the unparsed contents of the bracketed expression
@Start INT, --index of the start of the token that you are parsing
@end INT,--index of the end of the token that you are parsing
@param INT,--the parameter at the end of the next Object/Array token
@EndOfName INT,--the index of the start of the parameter at end of Object/Array token
@token NVARCHAR(200),--either a string or object
@value NVARCHAR(MAX), -- the value as a string
@SequenceNo int, -- the sequence number within a list
@name NVARCHAR(200), --the name as a string
@parent_ID INT,--the next parent ID to allocate
@lenJSON INT,--the current length of the JSON String
@characters NCHAR(36),--used to convert hex to decimal
@result BIGINT,--the value of the hex symbol being parsed
@index SMALLINT,--used for parsing the hex value
@Escape INT --the index of the next escape character
DECLARE @Strings TABLE /* in this temporary table we keep all strings, even the names of the elements, since they are 'escaped' in a different way, and may contain, unescaped, brackets denoting objects or lists. These are replaced in the JSON string by tokens representing the string */
(
String_ID INT IDENTITY(1, 1),
StringValue NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
SELECT--initialise the characters to convert hex to ascii
@characters='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
@SequenceNo=0, --set the sequence no. to something sensible.
/* firstly we process all strings. This is done because [{} and ] aren't escaped in strings, which complicates an iterative parse. */
@parent_ID=0;
WHILE 1=1 --forever until there is nothing more to do
BEGIN
SELECT
@start=PATINDEX('%[^a-zA-Z]["]%', @json collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin);--next delimited string
IF @start=0 BREAK --no more so drop through the WHILE loop
IF SUBSTRING(@json, @start+1, 1)='"'
BEGIN --Delimited Name
SET @start=@Start+1;
SET @end=PATINDEX('%[^\]["]%', RIGHT(@json, LEN(@json+'|')-@start) collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin);
END
IF @end=0 --no end delimiter to last string
BREAK --no more
SELECT @token=SUBSTRING(@json, @start+1, @end-1)
--now put in the escaped control characters
SELECT @token=REPLACE(@token, FROMString, TOString)
FROM
(SELECT
'\"' AS FromString, '"' AS ToString
UNION ALL SELECT '\\', '\'
UNION ALL SELECT '\/', '/'
UNION ALL SELECT '\b', CHAR(08)
UNION ALL SELECT '\f', CHAR(12)
UNION ALL SELECT '\n', CHAR(10)
UNION ALL SELECT '\r', CHAR(13)
UNION ALL SELECT '\t', CHAR(09)
) substitutions
SELECT @result=0, @escape=1
--Begin to take out any hex escape codes
WHILE @escape>0
BEGIN
SELECT @index=0,
--find the next hex escape sequence
@escape=PATINDEX('%\x[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]%', @token collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)
IF @escape>0 --if there is one
BEGIN
WHILE @index<4 --there are always four digits to a \x sequence
BEGIN
SELECT --determine its value
@result=@result+POWER(16, @index)
*(CHARINDEX(SUBSTRING(@token, @escape+2+3-@index, 1),
@characters)-1), @index=@index+1 ;
END
-- and replace the hex sequence by its unicode value
SELECT @token=STUFF(@token, @escape, 6, NCHAR(@result))
END
END
--now store the string away
INSERT INTO @Strings (StringValue) SELECT @token
-- and replace the string with a token
SELECT @JSON=STUFF(@json, @start, @end+1,
'@string'+CONVERT(NVARCHAR(5), @@identity))
END
-- all strings are now removed. Now we find the first leaf.
WHILE 1=1 --forever until there is nothing more to do
BEGIN
SELECT @parent_ID=@parent_ID+1
--find the first object or list by looking for the open bracket
SELECT @FirstObject=PATINDEX('%[{[[]%', @json collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)--object or array
IF @FirstObject = 0 BREAK
IF (SUBSTRING(@json, @FirstObject, 1)='{')
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar='}', @type='object'
ELSE
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar=']', @type='array'
SELECT @OpenDelimiter=@firstObject
WHILE 1=1 --find the innermost object or list...
BEGIN
SELECT
@lenJSON=LEN(@JSON+'|')-1
--find the matching close-delimiter proceeding after the open-delimiter
SELECT
@NextCloseDelimiter=CHARINDEX(@NextCloseDelimiterChar, @json,
@OpenDelimiter+1)
--is there an intervening open-delimiter of either type
SELECT @NextOpenDelimiter=PATINDEX('%[{[[]%',
RIGHT(@json, @lenJSON-@OpenDelimiter)collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)--object
IF @NextOpenDelimiter=0
BREAK
SELECT @NextOpenDelimiter=@NextOpenDelimiter+@OpenDelimiter
IF @NextCloseDelimiter<@NextOpenDelimiter
BREAK
IF SUBSTRING(@json, @NextOpenDelimiter, 1)='{'
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar='}', @type='object'
ELSE
SELECT @NextCloseDelimiterChar=']', @type='array'
SELECT @OpenDelimiter=@NextOpenDelimiter
END
---and parse out the list or name/value pairs
SELECT
@contents=SUBSTRING(@json, @OpenDelimiter+1,
@NextCloseDelimiter-@OpenDelimiter-1)
SELECT
@JSON=STUFF(@json, @OpenDelimiter,
@NextCloseDelimiter-@OpenDelimiter+1,
'@'+@type+CONVERT(NVARCHAR(5), @parent_ID))
WHILE (PATINDEX('%[A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', @contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin))<>0
BEGIN
IF @Type='Object' --it will be a 0-n list containing a string followed by a string, number,boolean, or null
BEGIN
SELECT
@SequenceNo=0,@end=CHARINDEX(':', ' '+@contents)--if there is anything, it will be a string-based name.
SELECT @start=PATINDEX('%[^A-Za-z@][@]%', ' '+@contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)--AAAAAAAA
SELECT @token=SUBSTRING(' '+@contents, @start+1, @End-@Start-1),
@endofname=PATINDEX('%[0-9]%', @token collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin),
@param=RIGHT(@token, LEN(@token)-@endofname+1)
SELECT
@token=LEFT(@token, @endofname-1),
@Contents=RIGHT(' '+@contents, LEN(' '+@contents+'|')-@end-1)
SELECT @name=stringvalue FROM @strings
WHERE string_id=@param --fetch the name
END
ELSE
SELECT @Name=null,@SequenceNo=@SequenceNo+1
SELECT
@end=CHARINDEX(',', @contents)-- a string-token, object-token, list-token, number,boolean, or null
IF @end=0
SELECT @end=PATINDEX('%[A-Za-z0-9@+.e][^A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', @Contents+' ' collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)
+1
SELECT
@start=PATINDEX('%[^A-Za-z0-9@+.e][A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', ' '+@contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)
--select @start,@end, LEN(@contents+'|'), @contents
SELECT
@Value=RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@contents, @start, @End-@Start)),
@Contents=RIGHT(@contents+' ', LEN(@contents+'|')-@end)
IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 7)='@object'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, Object_ID, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5),
SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5), 'object'
ELSE
IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 6)='@array'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, Object_ID, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, SUBSTRING(@value, 7, 5),
SUBSTRING(@value, 7, 5), 'array'
ELSE
IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 7)='@string'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, stringvalue, 'string'
FROM @strings
WHERE string_id=SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5)
ELSE
IF @value IN ('true', 'false')
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'boolean'
ELSE
IF @value='null'
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'null'
ELSE
IF PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%', @value collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)>0
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'real'
ELSE
INSERT INTO @hierarchy
(NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, ValueType)
SELECT @name, @SequenceNo, @parent_ID, @value, 'int'
if @Contents=' ' Select @SequenceNo=0
END
END
INSERT INTO @hierarchy (NAME, SequenceNo, parent_ID, StringValue, Object_ID, ValueType)
SELECT '-',1, NULL, '', @parent_id-1, @type
--
RETURN
END
GO
--- Pase JSON
Declare @pars varchar(MAX) =
' {"shapes":[{"type":"polygon","geofenceName":"","geofenceDescription":"",
"geofenceCategory":"1","color":"#1E90FF","paths":[{"path":[{
"lat":"26.096254906968525","lon":"65.709228515625"}
,{"lat":"28.38173504322308","lon":"66.741943359375"}
,{"lat":"26.765230565697482","lon":"68.983154296875"}
,{"lat":"26.254009699865737","lon":"68.609619140625"}
,{"lat":"25.997549919572112","lon":"68.104248046875"}
,{"lat":"26.843677401113002","lon":"67.115478515625"}
,{"lat":"25.363882272740255","lon":"65.819091796875"}]}]}]}'
Select * from parseJSON(@pars) AS MyResult
私はこれについてかなりきちんとした記事を見てきました...だからあなたがこれを好きなら:
CREATE PROC [dbo].[spUpdateMarks]
@inputJSON VARCHAR(MAX) -- '[{"ID":"1","C":"60","CPP":"60","CS":"60"}]'
AS
BEGIN
-- Temp table to hold the parsed data
DECLARE @TempTableVariable TABLE(
element_id INT,
sequenceNo INT,
parent_ID INT,
[Object_ID] INT,
[NAME] NVARCHAR(2000),
StringValue NVARCHAR(MAX),
ValueType NVARCHAR(10)
)
-- Parse JSON string into a temp table
INSERT INTO @TempTableVariable
SELECT * FROM parseJSON(@inputJSON)
END
ここを見てみてください:
https://www.simple-talk.com/sql/t-sql-programming/sumption-json-strings-in-sql-server/
これに関する完全なASP.Netプロジェクトがここにあります:http : //www.codeproject.com/Articles/788208/Update-Multiple-Rows-of-GridView-using-JSON-in-ASP