回答:
org-agenda-files
現在のバッファのファイルに動的にバインドし、org-todo-list
そこから呼び出すことができます。
(defun org-todo-list-current-file (&optional arg)
"Like `org-todo-list', but using only the current buffer's file."
(interactive "P")
(let ((org-agenda-files (list (buffer-file-name (current-buffer)))))
(if (null (car org-agenda-files))
(error "%s is not visiting a file" (buffer-name (current-buffer)))
(org-todo-list arg))))