これは完全に話題ではないかもしれませんが、ここでは遅い日です。

FIZZ3でBUZZ均等に分割できる場合、5でFIZZBUZZ均等に分割できる場合、および均等に分割できる場合、単語を含む列で1から49の数字のリストを取得するより効率的な方法はありますか両方 3と5？

私の試みは（注意、これはあなたのプロシージャキャッシュを空にするので、プロダクションボックスで実行しないでください）：

DBCC FREEPROCCACHE
GO
/*VARIANT1*/
;WITH t AS (
    SELECT RowNum = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.object_id)
    FROM sys.objects o
)
SELECT t.RowNum
    , CASE WHEN ((t.RowNum % 3) + (t.RowNum % 5)) = 0  THEN 'FIZZBUZZ' 
    ELSE 
        CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 3 = 0 THEN 'FIZZ' 
        ELSE 
            CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 5 = 0 THEN 'BUZZ' 
            ELSE '' 
            END 
        END 
    END
FROM t
WHERE t.RowNum < 50;
GO 100

/*VARIANT2*/
DECLARE @t TABLE
(
    Num INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
);
INSERT INTO @t (Num)
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.object_id)
FROM sys.objects o;

SELECT t.Num
    , CASE WHEN ((t.Num % 3) + (t.Num % 5)) = 0  THEN 'FIZZBUZZ' 
    ELSE 
        CASE WHEN t.Num % 3 = 0 THEN 'FIZZ' 
        ELSE 
            CASE WHEN t.Num % 5 = 0 THEN 'BUZZ' 
            ELSE '' 
            END 
        END 
    END
FROM @t t
WHERE t.Num < 50;
GO 100

SELECT CASE WHEN dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%' THEN 'VARIANT1' ELSE 'VARIANT2' END
    , MAX(deqs.execution_count)
    , SUM(deqs.total_worker_time)
    , AvgWorkerTime = SUM(deqs.total_worker_time) / MAX(deqs.execution_count)
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats deqs
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(deqs.sql_handle) dest
WHERE (dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%'
    OR dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT2*/%')
    AND dest.text NOT LIKE '%/*NOT_ME!*/%'
GROUP BY CASE WHEN dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%' THEN 'VARIANT1' ELSE 'VARIANT2' END
ORDER BY CASE WHEN dest.text LIKE '%/*VARIANT1*/%' THEN 'VARIANT1' ELSE 'VARIANT2' END
/*NOT_ME!*/;

@AaronBertrandからのアドバイスに従って、各ステートメントセットをそれぞれ100回実行し、SQL Serverによって記録された時間を表示するように試行を変更しましたsys.dm_exec_query_stats。

結果：

            Runs    total_time      average time
VARIANT1    100     42533           425
VARIANT2    100     138677          1386

以下は、最初の100万の数値を一時テーブルに書き込むT-SQLソリューションです。私のマシンでは約84ミリ秒かかります。主なボトルネックはNESTING_TRANSACTION_FULLラッチで待っていますがCXPACKET、どちらも変化以外の対処方法がわかりませんMAXDOP。並列ネストループを利用し、要求ベースの並列処理を実行できるクエリプランが必要でした。

コードは少し長いです。要するに、246行と271行の2つの派生テーブルを結合して、合計66666行にします。これらの行は、15行ごとにFIZZBUZZパターンが繰り返されるという事実を利用した15行の派生テーブルに結合されます。最後の10行は、で追加されUNION ALLます。

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS #t;

SELECT res.fizzbuzz INTO #t
FROM
(
VALUES
(0),
(15),
(30),
(45),
(60),
(75),
(90),
(105),
(120),
(135),
(150),
(165),
(180),
(195),
(210),
(225),
(240),
(255),
(270),
(285),
(300),
(315),
(330),
(345),
(360),
(375),
(390),
(405),
(420),
(435),
(450),
(465),
(480),
(495),
(510),
(525),
(540),
(555),
(570),
(585),
(600),
(615),
(630),
(645),
(660),
(675),
(690),
(705),
(720),
(735),
(750),
(765),
(780),
(795),
(810),
(825),
(840),
(855),
(870),
(885),
(900),
(915),
(930),
(945),
(960),
(975),
(990),
(1005),
(1020),
(1035),
(1050),
(1065),
(1080),
(1095),
(1110),
(1125),
(1140),
(1155),
(1170),
(1185),
(1200),
(1215),
(1230),
(1245),
(1260),
(1275),
(1290),
(1305),
(1320),
(1335),
(1350),
(1365),
(1380),
(1395),
(1410),
(1425),
(1440),
(1455),
(1470),
(1485),
(1500),
(1515),
(1530),
(1545),
(1560),
(1575),
(1590),
(1605),
(1620),
(1635),
(1650),
(1665),
(1680),
(1695),
(1710),
(1725),
(1740),
(1755),
(1770),
(1785),
(1800),
(1815),
(1830),
(1845),
(1860),
(1875),
(1890),
(1905),
(1920),
(1935),
(1950),
(1965),
(1980),
(1995),
(2010),
(2025),
(2040),
(2055),
(2070),
(2085),
(2100),
(2115),
(2130),
(2145),
(2160),
(2175),
(2190),
(2205),
(2220),
(2235),
(2250),
(2265),
(2280),
(2295),
(2310),
(2325),
(2340),
(2355),
(2370),
(2385),
(2400),
(2415),
(2430),
(2445),
(2460),
(2475),
(2490),
(2505),
(2520),
(2535),
(2550),
(2565),
(2580),
(2595),
(2610),
(2625),
(2640),
(2655),
(2670),
(2685),
(2700),
(2715),
(2730),
(2745),
(2760),
(2775),
(2790),
(2805),
(2820),
(2835),
(2850),
(2865),
(2880),
(2895),
(2910),
(2925),
(2940),
(2955),
(2970),
(2985),
(3000),
(3015),
(3030),
(3045),
(3060),
(3075),
(3090),
(3105),
(3120),
(3135),
(3150),
(3165),
(3180),
(3195),
(3210),
(3225),
(3240),
(3255),
(3270),
(3285),
(3300),
(3315),
(3330),
(3345),
(3360),
(3375),
(3390),
(3405),
(3420),
(3435),
(3450),
(3465),
(3480),
(3495),
(3510),
(3525),
(3540),
(3555),
(3570),
(3585),
(3600),
(3615),
(3630),
(3645),
(3660),
(3675)
) v246 (n)
CROSS JOIN 
(
VALUES
(0),
(15),
(30),
(45),
(60),
(75),
(90),
(105),
(120),
(135),
(150),
(165),
(180),
(195),
(210),
(225),
(240),
(255),
(270),
(285),
(300),
(315),
(330),
(345),
(360),
(375),
(390),
(405),
(420),
(435),
(450),
(465),
(480),
(495),
(510),
(525),
(540),
(555),
(570),
(585),
(600),
(615),
(630),
(645),
(660),
(675),
(690),
(705),
(720),
(735),
(750),
(765),
(780),
(795),
(810),
(825),
(840),
(855),
(870),
(885),
(900),
(915),
(930),
(945),
(960),
(975),
(990),
(1005),
(1020),
(1035),
(1050),
(1065),
(1080),
(1095),
(1110),
(1125),
(1140),
(1155),
(1170),
(1185),
(1200),
(1215),
(1230),
(1245),
(1260),
(1275),
(1290),
(1305),
(1320),
(1335),
(1350),
(1365),
(1380),
(1395),
(1410),
(1425),
(1440),
(1455),
(1470),
(1485),
(1500),
(1515),
(1530),
(1545),
(1560),
(1575),
(1590),
(1605),
(1620),
(1635),
(1650),
(1665),
(1680),
(1695),
(1710),
(1725),
(1740),
(1755),
(1770),
(1785),
(1800),
(1815),
(1830),
(1845),
(1860),
(1875),
(1890),
(1905),
(1920),
(1935),
(1950),
(1965),
(1980),
(1995),
(2010),
(2025),
(2040),
(2055),
(2070),
(2085),
(2100),
(2115),
(2130),
(2145),
(2160),
(2175),
(2190),
(2205),
(2220),
(2235),
(2250),
(2265),
(2280),
(2295),
(2310),
(2325),
(2340),
(2355),
(2370),
(2385),
(2400),
(2415),
(2430),
(2445),
(2460),
(2475),
(2490),
(2505),
(2520),
(2535),
(2550),
(2565),
(2580),
(2595),
(2610),
(2625),
(2640),
(2655),
(2670),
(2685),
(2700),
(2715),
(2730),
(2745),
(2760),
(2775),
(2790),
(2805),
(2820),
(2835),
(2850),
(2865),
(2880),
(2895),
(2910),
(2925),
(2940),
(2955),
(2970),
(2985),
(3000),
(3015),
(3030),
(3045),
(3060),
(3075),
(3090),
(3105),
(3120),
(3135),
(3150),
(3165),
(3180),
(3195),
(3210),
(3225),
(3240),
(3255),
(3270),
(3285),
(3300),
(3315),
(3330),
(3345),
(3360),
(3375),
(3390),
(3405),
(3420),
(3435),
(3450),
(3465),
(3480),
(3495),
(3510),
(3525),
(3540),
(3555),
(3570),
(3585),
(3600),
(3615),
(3630),
(3645),
(3660),
(3675),
(3690),
(3705),
(3720),
(3735),
(3750),
(3765),
(3780),
(3795),
(3810),
(3825),
(3840),
(3855),
(3870),
(3885),
(3900),
(3915),
(3930),
(3945),
(3960),
(3975),
(3990),
(4005),
(4020),
(4035),
(4050)
) v271 (n)
CROSS APPLY
(
VALUES
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 1 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 2 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 4 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('BUZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 7 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 8 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('BUZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 11 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZ' AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 13 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST(v246.n * 271 + v271.n + 14 AS CHAR(8))),
(CAST('FIZZBUZZ' AS CHAR(8)))
) res (fizzbuzz)

UNION ALL

SELECT v.fizzbuzz
FROM (
VALUES 
('999991'),
('999992'),
('FIZZ'),
('999994'),
('BUZZ'),
('FIZZ'),
('999997'),
('999998'),
('FIZZ'),
('BUZZ')
) v (fizzbuzz)

OPTION (MAXDOP 6, NO_PERFORMANCE_SPOOL);

SQL Server 2014のメモリ最適化テーブルとネイティブコンパイルされたプロシージャの使用：

-- Setup
CREATE DATABASE InMem;
GO
ALTER DATABASE InMem
ADD FILEGROUP FG1
CONTAINS MEMORY_OPTIMIZED_DATA;
GO
ALTER DATABASE InMem
ADD FILE 
(
    NAME = 'FN1', 
    -- Change to suit your system
    FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL12.SQL2014\MSSQL\DATA\FN1.mod'
)
TO FILEGROUP FG1;
GO
USE InMem;
GO
CREATE TYPE dbo.FizzBuzzTableType AS TABLE 
(
    n integer NOT NULL INDEX i,
    FizzBuzz varchar(8) NOT NULL
) WITH (MEMORY_OPTIMIZED = ON);
GO

ネイティブ手順：

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.FizzBuzz
WITH 
    NATIVE_COMPILATION, 
    SCHEMABINDING, 
    EXECUTE AS OWNER
AS
BEGIN ATOMIC 
WITH 
(
    TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL = SNAPSHOT, 
    LANGUAGE = N'english'
)   
    DECLARE @n AS dbo.FizzBuzzTableType;

    DECLARE @i integer = 1;
    WHILE @i < 50
    BEGIN
        IF @i % 15 = 0
        BEGIN
            INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz) 
            VALUES (@i, 'FizzBuzz')
        END
        ELSE 
        BEGIN
            IF @i % 3 = 0
            BEGIN
                INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz)
                VALUES (@i, 'Fizz')
            END
            ELSE 
            BEGIN
                IF @i % 5 = 0
                BEGIN
                    INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz) 
                    VALUES (@i, 'Buzz')
                END
                ELSE
                BEGIN
                    INSERT @n (n, FizzBuzz) 
                    VALUES (@i, CONVERT(varchar(8), @i));
                END;
            END;
        END;

        SET @i += 1;
    END;

    SELECT
        N.n, 
        N.FizzBuzz
    FROM @n AS N
    ORDER BY
        N.n;
END;

テスト：

SET NOCOUNT ON;
PRINT SYSUTCDATETIME();
GO
DECLARE @T AS dbo.FizzBuzzTableType;

INSERT @T (n, FizzBuzz)
EXECUTE dbo.FizzBuzz;
GO 100

PRINT SYSUTCDATETIME();

典型的な結果：

-- 95ms for 100 iterations, < 1ms each
2014-12-31 10:07:13.7993355
Beginning execution loop
Batch execution completed 100 times.
2014-12-31 10:07:13.8943409

そうしないと、SSMSで結果を表示する速度をテストしているだけなので、プロシージャの出力はメモリ内のテーブル変数に書き込まれます。

100万行

上記のネイティブプロシージャは、1,000,000個の数字で実行するのに約12秒かかります。T-SQLで同じことを行うためのあらゆる種類の高速な方法があります。以前に書いたものは次のとおりです。私のラップトップでは、意図した並列計画が達成されると、100万行で約500msで実行されます。

IF  OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#Result', N'U') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Result;

IF  OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#Thousand', N'U') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Thousand;

SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @start datetime2(7) = SYSUTCDATETIME();

CREATE TABLE #Thousand 
(
    n integer NOT NULL,

    CONSTRAINT PK_#Thousand
    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (n)
);

-- Add 1,000 rows numbered 0-999 to #Thousand
WITH 
    L1 (n) AS
(
    SELECT  V.n
    FROM    
    (
        VALUES  (0), (1), (2), (3), (4),
                (5), (6), (7), (8), (9)
    ) AS V (n)
),
    Thousand AS
(
    SELECT  n = 
        CONVERT
        (
            integer,
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
            ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
            - 1
        )
    FROM L1
    CROSS JOIN L1 AS L2
    CROSS JOIN L1 AS L3
)
INSERT #Thousand (n)
SELECT n
FROM Thousand;

-- To hold the Fizz Buzz output
CREATE TABLE #Result 
(
    n integer NOT NULL, 
    result varchar(8) NOT NULL
);

INSERT #Result
SELECT 
    Million.n, 
    Million.result
FROM
(
    -- Modulo operation to encourage few outer rows parallelism
    SELECT  n
    FROM    #Thousand
    WHERE   n % 1 = 0
) AS T1
-- Outer Apply to keep the Compute Scalar parallel
OUTER APPLY
(
    SELECT
        F2.n, 
        F2.result
    FROM #Thousand AS T2
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        -- Row numbers 1 to 1,000,000
        SELECT  (T1.n * 1000) + T2.n + 1
    ) AS F1 (n)
    CROSS APPLY
    (
        -- The Fizz Buzz bit
        SELECT
            F1.n,
            result =
                CASE 
                    WHEN F1.n % 15 = 0 THEN 'FizzBuzz'
                    WHEN F1.n % 3 = 0 THEN 'Buzz'
                    WHEN F1.n % 5 = 0 THEN 'Fizz'
                    ELSE CONVERT(varchar(8), F1.n)
                END
    ) AS F2
) AS Million
OPTION  (MAXDOP 4, QUERYTRACEON 9481);

PRINT DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND, @start, SYSUTCDATETIME());

これは私のマシン上で最初のものと同じものを実行します（0ms）。スケーリングが速くなるかどうかはわかりません。

;WITH t AS (
    SELECT RowNum = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.object_id)
    FROM sys.objects o
)
SELECT t.RowNum
    , Cxa.Fizz + CxB.Buzz
FROM t
CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 3 = 0 THEN 'FIZZ' ELSE '' END) CxA(Fizz)
CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN t.RowNum % 5 = 0 THEN 'BUZZ' ELSE '' END) CxB(Buzz)
WHERE t.RowNum < 50;

私が思いついた最高のバージョンは、私のマシンで30msで実行されます：

WITH t AS (
    SELECT 1 As RowNum
    Union ALL
    Select RowNum + 1
    From t
    Where RowNum < 49
)
SELECT t.RowNum
, SubString('FIZZ', (t.RowNum % 3)*10, 5) + SubString('BUZZ', (t.RowNum % 5)*10, 5)
FROM t;

sqlfiddle.comによると、これには7ミリ秒かかります。

select coalesce(fizz + buzz, fizz, buzz, cast(n as varchar)) as FizzBuzz
  from (
    select n0 + 3 * n3 + 9 * n9 + 27 * n27 + 81 * n81 as n
        from
            (select 0 as n0  union all select 1 union all select 2 as n0)  as n0,
            (select 0 as n3  union all select 1 union all select 2 as n3)  as n3,
            (select 0 as n9  union all select 1 union all select 2 as n9)  as n9,
            (select 0 as n27 union all select 1 union all select 2 as n27) as n27,
            (select 0 as n81 union all select 1                    as n81) as n81
  ) as stupidalias1
  left outer join
    (select 3 as fizzstep, 'Fizz' as fizz) as stupidalias2 on n % fizzstep = 0
  left outer join
    (select 5 as buzzstep, 'Buzz' as buzz) as stupidalias3 on n % buzzstep = 0
  where n between 1 and 100
  order by n;

テーブル、ストアドプロシージャ、またはCTEを使用しません。

ネイティブにコンパイルされたストアドプロシージャの合理的なバージョンを取得し、約500〜800ミリ秒で100万行を処理しました。これは、ビット単位の操作に関するAdam Machanicのブログから少し助けを借りて、ここからビット単位のアルゴリズムを実行したT-SQL変換です。

私は、（願わくば）@PaulWhiteの500ms / 100万行procと同じルールに従います。つまり、結果を生成しますが、表示せず、タイミングの一部として渡しません。4,194,304または8,388,608の速度とバケットサイズのメモリ内テーブルのハッシュインデックスである必要がありますが、明らかに空のバケットカウントが高くなります。

USE hekatondb
GO

--NB: SQLCMD script, Enable via: Query menu > SQLCMD Mode
:setvar bucketCount 4194304
--:setvar bucketCount 8388608

IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROC dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz 
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.FizzBuzz') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.FizzBuzz
GO


IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.FizzBuzz') IS NULL
CREATE TABLE dbo.FizzBuzz (
    Number      INT NOT NULL,
    Result      VARCHAR(8) NULL,

    CONSTRAINT PK_FizzBuzz PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED HASH ( Number ) WITH ( BUCKET_COUNT = $(bucketCount) )

) WITH ( MEMORY_OPTIMIZED = ON, DURABILITY = SCHEMA_ONLY )
GO


CREATE PROC dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz 

    @limit  INT

WITH
    NATIVE_COMPILATION, 
    SCHEMABINDING, 
    EXECUTE AS OWNER
AS
BEGIN ATOMIC
WITH
(
    TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL = SNAPSHOT, 
    LANGUAGE = N'english'
)   

    DECLARE @acc INT = 810092048    -- 11 00 00 01 00 10 01 00 00 01 10 00 01 00 00
    DECLARE @i INT = 1
    DECLARE @c INT

    WHILE @i <= @limit
    BEGIN 

        SELECT
            @c = @acc & 3,
            @acc = ( @acc / 4 ) | ( @c * 268435456 )

        INSERT dbo.FizzBuzz ( Number, Result )
        SELECT @i, SUBSTRING( '       Fizz    Buzz    FizzBuzz', @c * 8, @c * 4 )

        SET @i += 1

    END

END
GO

DELETE dbo.FizzBuzz
DECLARE @startDate DATETIME2 = SYSUTCDATETIME();

EXEC dbo.usp_hekatonFizzBuzz 1000000

SELECT DATEDIFF( millisecond, @startDate, SYSUTCDATETIME() ) diff
GO 10

私はこの単一のサブセレクトを見つけて、CTEなしでプレイしました。クエリ統計のmax_elapsed_timeは1036を示します

 SELECT num,
        CASE    WHEN mod3 + mod5 = 0 THEN 'FizzBuzz'
                WHEN mod5 = 0 THEN 'Buzz'
                WHEN mod3 = 0 THEN 'Fizz'
                ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR(8), num)
        END
 FROM 
 (
    SELECT  number as num,
            number % 3 AS mod3,
            number % 5 AS mod5
    FROM    master.dbo.spt_values
    WHERE   name IS NULL
            AND number BETWEEN 1 AND 101
 ) AS numbers;

私は書かれたコードを信用していません。どれくらいかかるかを見たかっただけです。

10億行！

;WITH T(N) AS (SELECT N FROM (VALUES (NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL)) AS X(N))
    ,NUMS(N) AS (SELECT TOP(1000000000) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))  AS N FROM T T1,T T2,T T3,T T4,T T5,T T6,T T7,T T8,T T9, T T10)
    SELECT  n, ca.fb
    INTO #fizzywizzy
    FROM    NUMS n
            CROSS APPLY ( SELECT    CASE WHEN n.N % 15 = 0 THEN 'FizzBuzz'
                                         WHEN n.N % 3 = 0 THEN 'Fizz'
                                         WHEN n.N % 5 = 0 THEN 'Buzz'
                                         ELSE CAST(n AS VARCHAR)
                                    END AS [fb]
                        ) ca

答えは、約10分です。

SQL Server parse and compile time: 
   CPU time = 13 ms, elapsed time = 13 ms.

 SQL Server Execution Times:
   CPU time = 648625 ms,  elapsed time = 618025 ms.

PostgreSQL

PostgreSQLはgenerate_series、これを大幅に簡素化するTable-Value関数（Set-Returning関数）を提供します。数字が3でも5でもない場合、何も出力したくないと思います。

SELECT x, str
FROM generate_series(1,49) AS gs(x)
CROSS JOIN LATERAL (VALUES (CASE
  WHEN x % 15 =0 THEN 'Fizzbuzz'
  WHEN x % 3  =0 THEN 'Fizz'
  WHEN x % 5  =0 THEN 'Buzz'
END)) AS c(str)
WHERE str IS NOT NULL;