VACUUM ANALYZE VERBOSE
大きなテーブルに大きなDELETE/INSERT
変更を加えた後、いくつかの大きなテーブルで「手動」を実行します。これは問題なく機能しているように見えますが、テーブルのVACUUM
ジョブが数時間実行されることがあります(同様の問題と理由については、この投稿を参照してください)。
さらに調査を行ったところ、実行後でも、多数のデッドタプルを持つ大きなテーブルがあることがわかりましたVACUUM
。たとえば、このレスポンスのクエリから生成された統計の一部を次に示します。
-[ RECORD 50 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_a
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:43
last_autovacuum | 2014-08-01 01:19
n_tup | 199,169,568
dead_tup | 111,048,906
av_threshold | 39,833,964
expect_av | *
-[ RECORD 51 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_b
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:48
last_autovacuum | 2014-08-30 12:40
n_tup | 216,596,624
dead_tup | 117,224,220
av_threshold | 43,319,375
expect_av | *
-[ RECORD 52 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_c
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 01:55
last_autovacuum | 2014-09-23 18:25
n_tup | 309,831,136
dead_tup | 125,047,233
av_threshold | 61,966,277
expect_av | *
最後のフィールドは、これら(およびほとんどのテーブル)が自動バキュームのしきい値を満たすことを示しています。ただし、VACUUM ANALYZE VEBOSE
これらの各テーブルで実行したばかりの場合、デッドタプルカウントは0(または300Mの125Mではなく0に近い)にならないのですか?
ドキュメントの状態:
VACUUMは、死んだタプルによって占有されているストレージを再利用します。
これは私たちVACUUM
が機能していないことを意味しますか?
更新
ここでの応答のリクエストごとに、VERBOSE
ジョブからのいくつかのログがあります:
INFO: vacuuming "public.example_1"
INFO: scanned index "idx_example_1_on_gp_id_and_dd_id" to remove 378386 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 1.83s/3.42u sec elapsed 23.01 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_1_on_q_id" to remove 378386 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 2.10s/3.91u sec elapsed 18.92 sec.
INFO: "example_1": removed 378386 row versions in 7085 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.09s/0.05u sec elapsed 0.19 sec.
INFO: index "idx_example_1_on_gp_id_and_dd_id" now contains 30347438 row versions in 291065 pages
DETAIL: 378386 index row versions were removed.
165587 index pages have been deleted, 164287 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_1_on_q_id" now contains 30347438 row versions in 333287 pages
DETAIL: 378386 index row versions were removed.
152773 index pages have been deleted, 152757 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "example_1": found 1773 removable, 401984 nonremovable row versions in 14438 out of 1493006 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 10567 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 4.26s/7.51u sec elapsed 46.10 sec.
INFO: vacuuming "pg_toast.pg_toast_17917"
INFO: index "pg_toast_17917_index" now contains 0 row versions in 1 pages
DETAIL: 0 index row versions were removed.
0 index pages have been deleted, 0 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "pg_toast_17917": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 0 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 0 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: analyzing "public.example_1"
INFO: "example_1": scanned 30000 of 1493006 pages, containing 611502 live rows and 0 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 40563141 estimated total rows
この表では、統計に0個の無効なタプルが表示されます。今朝のテーブルのほとんどは死んだタプルがはるかに少ないため、私たちVACUUM
または自動バキュームのいずれかが機能しています。
何も出力せず、まだ無効なタプルを表示するテーブルがいくつかあります。
-[ RECORD 49 ]--+---------------------------
relname | example_2
last_vacuum | 2014-09-23 02:23
last_autovacuum | 2014-09-02 14:30
n_tup | 117,914,944
dead_tup | 34,507,388
av_threshold | 23,583,039
expect_av | *
インデックスが何度も何度もチェックされるログで数回見ました。これは長期実行VACUUM
ジョブに対応しているようです。なぜだと思いますか?これは単にレコードのロックを回避するだけですか(このジョブの実行中に書き込みが発生したとは思いません)。
INFO: vacuuming "public.example_2"
...
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" to remove 2795959 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 3.88s/16.54u sec elapsed 23.09 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_q_id" to remove 2795959 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 6.74s/21.13u sec elapsed 84.64 sec.
INFO: "example_2": removed 2795959 row versions in 48214 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.71s/0.32u sec elapsed 33.65 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" to remove 2591011 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 2.84s/16.11u sec elapsed 19.28 sec.
INFO: scanned index "index_example_2_on_q_id" to remove 2591011 row versions
DETAIL: CPU 5.46s/22.70u sec elapsed 130.57 sec.
INFO: "example_2": removed 2591011 row versions in 45539 pages
DETAIL: CPU 0.67s/0.38u sec elapsed 15.16 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_2_on_gsg_id_and_dd_id" now contains 123807784 row versions in 1560915 pages
DETAIL: 108836958 index row versions were removed.
1100790 index pages have been deleted, 718471 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.25 sec.
INFO: index "index_example_2_on_q_id" now contains 123807784 row versions in 1886087 pages
DETAIL: 110336259 index row versions were removed.
1058063 index pages have been deleted, 266983 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.07 sec.
INFO: "example_2": found 124808 removable, 1355901 nonremovable row versions in 2086343 out of 6966379 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 7858495 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 595.49s/2130.13u sec elapsed 5656.34 sec.
INFO: vacuuming "pg_toast.pg_toast_18079"
INFO: index "pg_toast_18079_index" now contains 0 row versions in 1 pages
DETAIL: 0 index row versions were removed.
0 index pages have been deleted, 0 are currently reusable.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: "pg_toast_18079": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 0 pages
DETAIL: 0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
There were 0 unused item pointers.
0 pages are entirely empty.
CPU 0.00s/0.00u sec elapsed 0.00 sec.
INFO: analyzing "public.example_2"
INFO: "example_2": scanned 30000 of 6966379 pages, containing 528443 live rows and 522 dead rows; 30000 rows in sample, 152953760 estimated total rows
0 dead row versions cannot be removed yet.
死んだタプルの削除をブロックする長期実行トランザクションがないことを示します。