TVFにラップすると、このクエリが大幅に遅くなるのはなぜですか？

数秒で実行されるかなり複雑なクエリがありますが、テーブル値の関数にラップすると、はるかに遅くなります。実際には終了させて​​いませんが、終了せずに最大10分間実行されます。唯一の変更点は、2つの日付変数（日付リテラルで初期化された）を日付パラメーターに置き換えることです。

7秒で実行

DECLARE @StartDate DATE = '2011-05-21'
DECLARE @EndDate   DATE = '2011-05-23'

DECLARE @Data TABLE (...)
INSERT INTO @Data(...) SELECT...

SELECT * FROM @Data

少なくとも10分間実行

CREATE FUNCTION X (@StartDate DATE, @EndDate DATE)
  RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN
  SELECT ...

SELECT * FROM X ('2011-05-21', '2011-05-23')

以前にRETURNS @Data TABLE（...）句を使用して関数をマルチステートメントTVFとして記述しましたが、インライン構造のそれを交換しても目立った変更はありませんでした。TVFの長い実行時間は実際のSELECT * FROM X時間です。実際にUDFを作成するには数秒かかります。

問題のクエリを投稿することはできますが、それは少し長く（〜165行）、最初のアプローチの成功に基づいて、何か他のことが起こっているのではないかと疑っています。実行計画をざっと見て、それらは同じように見えます。

クエリを変更せずに小さなセクションに分割してみました。1つのセクションを単独で実行した場合、数秒以上かかることはありませんが、TVFはハングします。

よく似た質問/programming/4190506/sql-server-2005-table-valued-function-weird-performanceが表示されますが、ソリューションが適用されるかどうかはわかりません。おそらく誰かがこの問題を見て、より一般的な解決策を知っていますか？ありがとう！

数分の処理後のdm_exec_requestsは次のとおりです。

session_id              59
request_id              0
start_time              40688.46517
status                  running
command                 UPDATE
sql_handle              0x030015002D21AF39242A1101ED9E00000000000000000000
statement_start_offset  10962
statement_end_offset    16012
plan_handle             0x050015002D21AF3940C1E6B0040000000000000000000000
database_id                 21
user_id                 1
connection_id           314AE0E4-A1FB-4602-BF40-02D857BAD6CF
blocking_session_id         0
wait_type               NULL
wait_time                   0
last_wait_type          SOS_SCHEDULER_YIELD
wait_resource   
open_transaction_count  0
open_resultset_count    1
transaction_id              48030651
context_info            0x
percent_complete        0
estimated_completion_time   0
cpu_time                    344777
total_elapsed_time          348632
scheduler_id            7
task_address            0x000000045FC85048
reads                   1549
writes                  13
logical_reads           30331425
text_size               2147483647
language                us_english
date_format             mdy
date_first              7
quoted_identifier           1
arithabort              1
ansi_null_dflt_on       1
ansi_defaults           0
ansi_warnings           1
ansi_padding            1
ansi_nulls                  1
concat_null_yields_null 1
transaction_isolation_level 2
lock_timeout            -1
deadlock_priority           0
row_count                   105
prev_error              0
nest_level              1
granted_query_memory    170
executing_managed_code  0
group_id                2
query_hash              0xBE6A286546AF62FC
query_plan_hash         0xD07630B947043AF0

完全なクエリは次のとおりです。

CREATE FUNCTION Routine.MarketingDashboardECommerceBase (@StartDate DATE, @EndDate DATE)
RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN
    WITH RegionsByCode AS (SELECT CountryCode, MIN(Region) AS Region FROM Staging.Volusion.MarketingRegions GROUP BY CountryCode)
        SELECT
            D.Date, Div.Division, Region.Region, C.Category1, C.Category2, C.Category3,
            COALESCE(V.Visits,          0) AS Visits,
            COALESCE(Dem.Demos,         0) AS Demos,
            COALESCE(S.GrossStores,     0) AS GrossStores,
            COALESCE(S.PaidStores,      0) AS PaidStores,
            COALESCE(S.NetStores,       0) AS NetStores,
            COALESCE(S.StoresActiveNow, 0) AS StoresActiveNow
            -- This line causes the run time to climb from a few seconds to over an hour!
            --COALESCE(V.Visits,          0) * COALESCE(ACS.AvgClickCost, GAAC.AvgAdCost, 0.00) AS TotalAdCost
            -- This line alone does not inflate the run time
            --ACS.AvgClickCost
            -- This line is enough to increase the run time to at least a couple minutes
            --GAAC.AvgAdCost
        FROM
            --Dates AS D
            (SELECT SQLDate AS Date FROM Dates WHERE SQLDate BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate) AS D
            CROSS JOIN (SELECT 'UK' AS Division UNION SELECT 'US' UNION SELECT 'IN' UNION SELECT 'Unknown') AS Div
            CROSS JOIN (SELECT Category1, Category2, Category3 FROM Routine.MarketingDashboardCampaignMap UNION SELECT 'Unknown', 'Unknown', 'Unknown') AS C
            CROSS JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT Region FROM Staging.Volusion.MarketingRegions) AS Region
            -- Visitors
            LEFT JOIN
                (
                SELECT
                    V.Date,
                    CASE    WHEN V.Country IN ('United Kingdom', 'Guernsey', 'Ireland', 'Jersey') THEN 'UK'
                        WHEN V.Country IN ('United States', 'Canada', 'Puerto Rico', 'U.S. Virgin Islands') THEN 'US'
                        ELSE 'IN' END AS Division,
                    COALESCE(MR.Region, 'Unknown') AS Region,
                    C.Category1, C.Category2, C.Category3,
                    SUM(V.Visits) AS Visits
                FROM
                             RawData.GoogleAnalytics.Visits        AS V
                    INNER JOIN Routine.MarketingDashboardCampaignMap AS C ON V.LandingPage = C.LandingPage AND V.Campaign = C.Campaign AND V.Medium = C.Medium AND V.Referrer = C.Referrer AND V.Source = C.Source
                    LEFT JOIN  Staging.Volusion.MarketingRegions     AS MR ON V.Country = MR.CountryName
                WHERE
                    V.Date BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate
                GROUP BY
                    V.Date,
                    CASE    WHEN V.Country IN ('United Kingdom', 'Guernsey', 'Ireland', 'Jersey') THEN 'UK'
                        WHEN V.Country IN ('United States', 'Canada', 'Puerto Rico', 'U.S. Virgin Islands') THEN 'US'
                        ELSE 'IN' END,
                    COALESCE(MR.Region, 'Unknown'), C.Category1, C.Category2, C.Category3
                ) AS V ON D.Date = V.Date AND Div.Division = V.Division AND Region.Region = V.Region AND C.Category1 = V.Category1 AND C.Category2 = V.Category2 AND C.Category3 = V.Category3
            -- Demos
            LEFT JOIN
                (
                SELECT
                    OD.SQLDate,
                    G.Division,
                    COALESCE(MR.Region,   'Unknown') AS Region,
                    COALESCE(C.Category1, 'Unknown') AS Category1,
                    COALESCE(C.Category2, 'Unknown') AS Category2,
                    COALESCE(C.Category3, 'Unknown') AS Category3,
                    SUM(D.Demos) AS Demos
                FROM
                             Demos            AS D
                    INNER JOIN Orders           AS O  ON D."Order" = O."Order"
                    INNER JOIN Dates            AS OD ON O.OrderDate = OD.DateSerial
                    INNER JOIN MarketingSources AS MS ON D.Source = MS.Source
                    LEFT JOIN  RegionsByCode    AS MR ON MS.CountryCode = MR.CountryCode
                    LEFT JOIN
                        (
                        SELECT
                            G.TransactionID,
                            MIN (
                                CASE WHEN G.Country IN ('United Kingdom', 'Guernsey', 'Ireland', 'Jersey') THEN 'UK'
                                    WHEN G.Country IN ('United States', 'Canada', 'Puerto Rico', 'U.S. Virgin Islands') THEN 'US'
                                    ELSE 'IN' END
                                ) AS Division
                        FROM
                            RawData.GoogleAnalytics.Geography AS G
                        WHERE
                                TransactionDate BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate
                            AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM RawData.GoogleAnalytics.Geography AS G2 WHERE G.TransactionID = G2.TransactionID AND G2.EffectiveDate > G.EffectiveDate)
                        GROUP BY
                            G.TransactionID
                        ) AS G  ON O.VolusionOrderID = G.TransactionID
                    LEFT JOIN  RawData.GoogleAnalytics.Referrers     AS R  ON O.VolusionOrderID = R.TransactionID AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM RawData.GoogleAnalytics.Referrers AS R2 WHERE R.TransactionID = R2.TransactionID AND R2.EffectiveDate > R.EffectiveDate)
                    LEFT JOIN  Routine.MarketingDashboardCampaignMap AS C  ON MS.LandingPage = C.LandingPage AND MS.Campaign = C.Campaign AND MS.Medium = C.Medium AND COALESCE(R.ReferralPath, '(not set)') = C.Referrer AND MS.SourceName = C.Source
                WHERE
                        O.IsDeleted = 'No'
                    AND OD.SQLDate BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate
                GROUP BY
                    OD.SQLDate,
                    G.Division,
                    COALESCE(MR.Region,   'Unknown'),
                    COALESCE(C.Category1, 'Unknown'),
                    COALESCE(C.Category2, 'Unknown'),
                    COALESCE(C.Category3, 'Unknown')
                ) AS Dem ON D.Date = Dem.SQLDate AND Div.Division = Dem.Division AND Region.Region = Dem.Region AND C.Category1 = Dem.Category1 AND C.Category2 = Dem.Category2 AND C.Category3 = Dem.Category3
            -- Stores
            LEFT JOIN
                (
                SELECT
                    OD.SQLDate,
                    CASE WHEN O.VolusionCountryCode = 'GB' THEN 'UK'
                        WHEN A.CountryShortName IN ('U.S.', 'Canada', 'Puerto Rico', 'U.S. Virgin Islands') THEN 'US'
                        ELSE 'IN' END AS Division,
                    COALESCE(MR.Region,     'Unknown') AS Region,
                    COALESCE(CpM.Category1, 'Unknown') AS Category1,
                    COALESCE(CpM.Category2, 'Unknown') AS Category2,
                    COALESCE(CpM.Category3, 'Unknown') AS Category3,
                    SUM(S.Stores) AS GrossStores,
                    SUM(CASE WHEN O.DatePaid <> -1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS PaidStores,
                    SUM(CASE WHEN O.DatePaid <> -1 AND CD.WeekEnding <> OD.WeekEnding THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS NetStores,
                    SUM(CASE WHEN O.DatePaid <> -1 THEN SH.ActiveStores ELSE 0 END) AS StoresActiveNow
                FROM
                             Stores           AS S
                    INNER JOIN Orders           AS O   ON S."Order" = O."Order"
                    INNER JOIN Dates            AS OD  ON O.OrderDate = OD.DateSerial
                    INNER JOIN Dates            AS CD  ON O.CancellationDate = CD.DateSerial
                    INNER JOIN Customers        AS C   ON O.CustomerNow = C.Customer
                    INNER JOIN MarketingSources AS MS  ON C.Source = MS.Source
                    INNER JOIN StoreHistory     AS SH  ON S.MostRecentHistory = SH.History
                    INNER JOIN Addresses        AS A   ON C.Address = A.Address
                    LEFT JOIN  RegionsByCode    AS MR  ON MS.CountryCode = MR.CountryCode
                    LEFT JOIN  Routine.MarketingDashboardCampaignMap AS CpM ON CpM.LandingPage = 'N/A' AND MS.Campaign = CpM.Campaign AND MS.Medium = CpM.Medium AND CpM.Referrer = 'N/A' AND MS.SourceName = CpM.Source
                WHERE
                        O.IsDeleted = 'No'
                    AND OD.SQLDate BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate
                GROUP BY
                    OD.SQLDate,
                    CASE WHEN O.VolusionCountryCode = 'GB' THEN 'UK'
                        WHEN A.CountryShortName IN ('U.S.', 'Canada', 'Puerto Rico', 'U.S. Virgin Islands') THEN 'US'
                        ELSE 'IN' END,
                    COALESCE(MR.Region,     'Unknown'),
                    COALESCE(CpM.Category1, 'Unknown'),
                    COALESCE(CpM.Category2, 'Unknown'),
                    COALESCE(CpM.Category3, 'Unknown')
                ) AS S ON D.Date = S.SQLDate AND Div.Division = S.Division AND Region.Region = S.Region AND C.Category1 = S.Category1 AND C.Category2 = S.Category2 AND C.Category3 = S.Category3
            -- Google Analytics spend
            LEFT JOIN
                (
                SELECT
                    AC.Date, C.Category1, C.Category2, C.Category3, SUM(AC.AdCost) / SUM(AC.Visits) AS AvgAdCost
                FROM
                    RawData.GoogleAnalytics.AdCosts AS AC
                    INNER JOIN
                        (
                        SELECT Campaign, Medium, Source, MIN(Category1) AS Category1, MIN(Category2) AS Category2, MIN(Category3) AS Category3
                        FROM Routine.MarketingDashboardCampaignMap
                        WHERE Category1 <> 'Affiliate'
                        GROUP BY Campaign, Medium, Source
                        ) AS C ON AC.Campaign = C.Campaign AND AC.Medium = C.Medium AND AC.Source = C.Source
                WHERE
                    AC.Date BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate
                GROUP BY
                    AC.Date, C.Category1, C.Category2, C.Category3
                HAVING
                    SUM(AC.AdCost) > 0.00 AND SUM(AC.Visits) > 0
                ) AS GAAC ON D.Date = GAAC.Date AND C.Category1 = GAAC.Category1 AND C.Category2 = GAAC.Category2 AND C.Category3 = GAAC.Category3
            -- adCenter spend
            LEFT JOIN
                (
                SELECT Date, SUM(Spend) / SUM(Clicks) AS AvgClickCost
                FROM RawData.AdCenter.Spend
                WHERE Date BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate
                GROUP BY Date
                HAVING SUM(Spend) > 0.00 AND SUM(Clicks) > 0
                ) AS ACS ON D.Date = ACS.Date AND C.Category1 = 'PPC' AND C.Category2 = 'adCenter' AND C.Category3 = 'N/A'
        WHERE
            V.Visits > 0 OR Dem.Demos > 0 OR S.GrossStores > 0
GO


SELECT * FROM Routine.MarketingDashboardECommerceBase('2011-05-21', '2011-05-23')

クエリの1行に問題を特定しました。クエリの長​​さは160行であり、SELECT句からこの行を無効にすると、どちらの方法でも関連するテーブルが含まれることに留意してください。

COALESCE(V.Visits, 0) * COALESCE(ACS.AvgClickCost, GAAC.AvgAdCost, 0.00)

...実行時間が63分から5秒に短縮されます（CTEのインライン化により、元の7秒のクエリよりもわずかに高速になりました）。ACS.AvgClickCostまたはGAAC.AvgAdCostを含めると、ランタイムが爆発します。特に奇妙なのは、これらのフィールドがそれぞれ10行と3行の2つのサブクエリから来ていることです！それらはそれぞれ独立して実行されるとゼロ秒で実行され、行カウントが非常に短いため、ネストされたループを使用しても結合時間はささいであると予想されます。

どうやらこの一見無害な計算がTVFを完全にスローオフする一方で、スタンドアロンクエリとして非常に高速に実行される理由についての推測はありますか？

これはパラメータスニッフィングと関係があると思います。

問題に関するいくつかの話はここにあります（そして、パラメータスニッフィングのSOを検索できます）。

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/queryoptteam/archive/2006/03/31/565991.aspx

残念ながら、SQLのクエリ最適化エンジンは内部関数を見ることができません。

したがって、TFに適用するヒントを把握するために、高速プランの実行プランを使用します。TFの実行計画がより高速なものに近づくまで、すすぎと繰り返しを行います。

http://sqlblog.com/blogs/tibor_karaszi/archive/2008/08/29/execution-plan-re-use-sp-executesql-and-tsql-variables.aspx

これらの値の違いは何ですか？

arithabort              1
ansi_null_dflt_on       1
ansi_defaults           0
ansi_warnings           1
ansi_padding            1
ansi_nulls              1

これら（特にarithabort）は、この方法でクエリのパフォーマンスに深刻な影響を与えることが示されています。

• /programming//q/2465887/27535
• /programming//q/2248112/27535
• http://sqladvice.com/blogs/gstark/archive/2008/02/12/Arithabort-Option-Effects-Stored-Procedure-Performance.aspx