バックグラウンド
実際(Seriouslyの後継)は、2015年11月に作成したスタックベースの命令型ゴルフ言語です。他の多くのゴルフ言語と同様に、スタックの内容に基づいて異なる機能を実行する1バイトのコマンドがあります。その専門の1つは数学です-多種多様な数学ベースのコマンドがあります。ただし、数学演算を実行するには、スタックに(1つ以上の)数値を配置する必要があります。多くの異なるオプションがあるため、特定の値をできるだけ少ないバイト数でプッシュすることは困難です。この課題では、実際にできる限り少ないバイトで数値(具体的には整数)を表すことを正確に行います。
チャレンジ
N
入力として整数を指定するN
と、スタックにプッシュされる結果となる有効な実際のコードを出力します。
- 入力は、32ビットの符号付き2の補数整数の範囲内にあります(つまり、包括的範囲の整数
[-2147483648, 2147483647]
)。 - 結果は整数(float、string、list、またはfunctionではなく)でなければならず、スタックの先頭になければなりません。
- スタックの内容について何も仮定しないでください(空かどうかなど)。スタック上の既存の値を変更または再配置してはなりません。
- このチャレンジを書いている時点でのActuallyの最新のコミットが使用されることになっています。バグ修正またはパフォーマンスの強化(または許可されたコマンドの機能を削除または変更しないその他の小さな変更)を行った場合、このバージョンを更新します。
- ソリューションは、少なくとも単純なソリューション(
:
数値リテラルを作成するために入力に追加)と同様に実行する必要があります。 - スコアは、簡単な解の長さの合計から、スコアリングに使用される1000個の32ビット符号付き2の補数整数の選択の出力の長さの合計を引いたものになります。必要に応じて、スコアリング整数をいつでも変更する権利を留保します(テストケースの最適化や、テストケースの徹底が不十分な場合など)。
- ソリューションは、入力ごとに30秒以内に有効な回答を出力する必要があります。タイミングは、標準の無料のCloud9ワークスペースで行われます。
コマンド
簡単にするために、(現在の)208個のコマンドのうち141個のみを使用でき、数値計算とは関係のない141個の多くのオーバーロードが削除されています。許可されるコマンドのリストは次のとおりです(形式は<hex code> (<symbol>): <descriptions of functions based on stack values and types>
次のとおりです。
0B (♂): take the next command and map it over the top of the stack (for example, ♂A is equivalent to `A`M)
1F (▼): pop a,b: push b//gcd(a,b),a//gcd(a,b); pop [a]: push [x//gcd([a]) for x in [a]]
20 ( ): push the # of elements on the stack (push len(stack))
21 (!): pop a: push a! (factorial(a))
22 ("): string literal, reads until next " and pushes value onto stack. An implied " is present at EOF if needed.
23 (#): pop a: push list(a)
25 (%): pop a,b: push a%b
26 (&): pop a,b: push a & b (bitwise AND)
27 ('): pushes next character onto stack as character literal (length-1 string)
28 ((): rotates stack right by 1
29 ()): rotates stack left by 1
2A (*): pop a,b: push a*b; pop a,[b] or [b],a: apply a* to each element in the array; pop [a],[b]: push dot product of [a] and [b] (sum([a[i]*b[i] for i in len(a)])) (shorter is padded with 0s)
2B (+): pop a,b: push a+b; pop [a],[b]: push [a][b] (append [b] to [a]); pop a,[b] or [b],a: apply a+ to each element in the array
2D (-): pop a,b: push a-b; pop [a],[b]: push [a]-[b] (all elements of [a] not in [b])
2F (/): pop a,b: push a/b (float division); pop [a]: rotate [a] right by 1, push [a]
30 (0): push 0
31 (1): push 1
32 (2): push 2
33 (3): push 3
34 (4): push 4
35 (5): push 5
36 (6): push 6
37 (7): push 7
38 (8): push 8
39 (9): push 9
3A (:): numeric literal delimiter: pushes the longest string of characters in '0123456789+-.ij' as a numeric
3B (;): pop a: push a,a (duplicates top element)
3C (<): pop a,b: push 1 if a<b else 0
3D (=): pop a,b: push 1 if a==b else 0
3E (>): pop a,b: push 1 if a>b else 0
40 (@): pop a,b: push a,b (rotate top 2 elements)
41 (A): pop a: push abs(a)
43 (C): pop a: push cos(a)
44 (D): pop a: push a-1; pop [a]: push stddev([a])
45 (E): pop a: push erf(a); pop [a],b: push [a][b] (bth item in [a])
46 (F): pop a: push Fib(a) (Fib(0)=0, Fib(1)=Fib(2)=1); pop [a]: push a[0]
48 (H): pop [a],b: push [a][:b]
49 (I): pop a,b,c: push b if a is truthy, else push c
4B (K): pop a: push ceil(a)
4C (L): pop a: push floor(a)
4D (M): pop f,[a], execute f for each element in [a], using the element as a temporary stack, push [a] (similar to map(f,[a])); pop [a]: push max([a])
4E (N): pop [a]: push a[-1]
50 (P): pop a: push the a-th prime (zero-indexed)
52 (R): pop f,[a]: call f, using [a] as a temporary stack, push [a] (similar to reduce(f,[a])); pop [a]: push [a][::-1] (reverse); pop a: push [1,2,...,a] (range(1,a+1))
53 (S): pop a: push sin(a); pop [a]: push sorted(a)
54 (T): pop a: push tan(a); pop [a],b,c: set [a][b] to c, push [a]
55 (U): pop [a],[b]: push union of [a] and [b]
57 (W): loop delimiter: peek top of stack, repeat code in loop while a evaluates to true
58 (X): pop a: discard
59 (Y): pop a: push !bool(a) (logical negate, opposite of b)
5A (Z): pop [a],[b]: push zip([a],[b]); pop a, zip the next a lists
5B ([): begin list literal, values are delimited by commas (,)
5C (\): pop a,b: push a/b (integer division); pop [a]: rotate [a] left by 1, push [a]
5D (]): end list literal
5E (^): pop a,b: push a XOR b
5F (_): pop a: push ln(a)
60 (`): function literal delimiter, pushes function whose body contains all of the commands until the next `. An implied ` is present at EOF if needed.
61 (a): invert the stack ([a,b,c,d] -> [d,c,b,a])
62 (b): pop a: push 0 if a==0 else 1; pop "a" or [a]: push 0 if len(a)==0 else 1; pop f: push 0 if len(f)==0 else 1
63 (c): pop a: push character at ordinal a%256; pop [a],b: push [a].count(b)
64 (d): pop [a]: dequeue b from [a], push [a],b
65 (e): pop a: push exp(a)
66 (f): pop a: push the Fibonacci index of a if a is a Fibonacci number, else -1
67 (g): pop a,b: push gcd(a,b); pop [a]: push gcd([a])
68 (h): pop a,b: push sqrt(a*a+b*b) (Euclidean norm)
69 (i): pop [a]: push each element from [a], starting from end (flatten)
6B (k): pop all elements from stack, convert to list (in the order they were on the stack, starting from the top), and push
6C (l): pop [a]: push len([a])
6D (m): pop a: push int(a),frac(a) (modf(a)); pop [a]: push min([a])
6E (n): pop a,b: push a b times
6F (o): pop [a],b: push b to [a], push [a]
70 (p): pop a: push 1 if a is prime else 0; pop [a]: pop b from [a], push [a],b
71 (q): pop [a],b: enqueue b in [a], push [a]
72 (r): pop a: push [0,1,...,a-1] (range(0,a))
75 (u): pop a: push a+1
77 (w): pop a: push the full positive prime factorization of |a| (18 -> [[2,1],[3,2]], -5 -> [[5,1]])
78 (x): pop a,b: push [a,b) (range(a,b)); pop [a]: push range(*a)
79 (y): pop a: push the positive prime factors of |a| (18 -> [2,3], -5 -> [5])
7B ({): pop a: rotate stack right a times
7C (|): pop a,b: push a | b (bitwise OR)
7D (}): pop a: rotate stack left a times
7E (~): pop a: push ~a (unary bitwise negate)
80 (Ç): pop a,b: push a+bi; pop [a]: pop pairs of real numerics b,c from [a] and push b+ci (appending 0 to [a] if len([a]) is odd)
83 (â): pop a: push asin(a)
84 (ä): pop a: push acos(a)
85 (à): pop a: push atan(a)
86 (å): pop a,b: push atan2(a,b)
87 (ç): pop a: push asinh(a)
88 (ê): pop a: push acosh(a)
89 (ë): pop a: push atanh(a)
8B (ï): push i, the imaginary unit (sqrt(-1) or 0+1i)
8C (î): pop a, push 0+ai; pop [a], push [a] with every element multiplied by i
8D (ì): pop a: push 1/a
8E (Ä): pop a: push sinh(a)
8F (Å): pop a: push cosh(a)
90 (É): pop a: push tanh(a)
91 (æ): pop [a]: push mean([a])
9A (Ü): pop [a]: push mode([a])
9B (¢): pop a,b: push abs(a)*sgn(b)
9D (¥): pop [a],[b]: push the result of pairwise addition of [a] and [b], padding the shorter with 0s
9E (₧): pop z: push phase(z)
A0 (á): pop z: push the complex conjugate of z
A1 (í): pop [a],b: push [a].index(b) (0-based, -1 if not found)
A7 (º): pop a: push degrees(a)
A8 (¿): pop a,b: push int(a,b) (interpret a as a base-b int)
A9 (⌐): pop a: push a+2
AA (¬): pop a: push a-2
AB (½): pop a: push a/2 (float division)
AC (¼): pop a: push a/4 (float division)
AD (¡): pop a,b: push a string representing a in base b
B0 (░): pop [a],[b]: push [[b][i] if [a][i] for i in len(b)], pads [a] with 0s if necessary
B1 (▒): pop a: push totient(a) (# of integers <= a that are coprime with a)
B2 (▓): pop a: push pi(a) (# of primes <= a)
B3 (│): duplicate stack ([a,b,c] => [a,b,c,a,b,c])
B4 (┤): pop a,b: push 1 if a and b are coprime else 0
B9 (╣): pop a: push the ath row in Pascal's triangle
C5 (┼): duplicate each element on stack ([a,b,c] => [a,a,b,b,c,c])
C6 (╞): pop a: make a total copies of each element on stack (3 [a,b,c] -> [a,a,a,b,b,b,c,c,c])
C7 (╟): pop a: pop a elements and push a list containing those elements in their original order
CB (╦): push pi
CC (╠): push e
D1 (╤): pop a: push 10**a
D2 (╥): pop a: push log(a) (log base 10)
D3 (╙): pop a: push 2**a
D4 (╘): pop a: push lg(a) (log base 2)
D5 (╒): push ln(2)
DB (█): pop a,b: push C(a,b) (aCb)
DC (▄): pop a,b: push P(a,b) (aPb)
E2 (Γ): pop a: push Gamma(a)
E3 (π): pop [a]: push product([a])
E4 (Σ): pop [a]: push sum([a])
E7 (τ): pop a: push 2*a
ED (φ): push phi (golden ratio)
F1 (±): pop a: push -a (unary negate)
F2 (≥): pop a,b: push a>=b
F3 (≤): pop a,b: push a<=b
F7 (≈): pop a: push int(a)
F8 (°): pop a: push radians(a)
FB (√): pop a: push sqrt(a)
FC (ⁿ): pop a,b: push pow(a,b)
FD (²): pop a: push a*a
[a] refers to an iterable (list, string, etc.), "a" refers to a string, f refers to a function, and a (and b, and c, and so on) refers to a numeric (or any data type, if the command is type-agnostic).
これらのコマンドの多くは使用されない可能性がありますが、有用な場合に備えてそれらを含めました。
得点
スコアリングに使用される整数は次のとおりです。
-2124910654
-2117700574
-2098186988
-2095671996
-2083075613
-2058271687
-2052250777
-2024215903
-2019485642
-2016095616
-2009838326
-2009173317
-2007673992
-2000014444
-1999825668
-1992515610
-1989566707
-1975506037
-1955473208
-1950731112
-1949886423
-1920624450
-1918465596
-1916287469
-1905036556
-1903956118
-1888944417
-1865221863
-1856600057
-1842797147
-1835637734
-1812631357
-1805740096
-1798015647
-1726688233
-1723609647
-1713776890
-1700307138
-1687644479
-1645515069
-1617635994
-1610444000
-1579053372
-1556891649
-1549652116
-1537732956
-1535180388
-1527162056
-1524851611
-1524658412
-1523244369
-1521379172
-1520191198
-1519035741
-1516978241
-1508892332
-1489938422
-1482102944
-1481823232
-1470621147
-1469145091
-1446844485
-1441790509
-1437843276
-1435359182
-1434186947
-1429816311
-1429393781
-1419752032
-1400387846
-1385152926
-1372620863
-1369257355
-1361933674
-1360480816
-1334846204
-1323741718
-1323660173
-1312800992
-1308824840
-1304658551
-1287829999
-1283767920
-1276288210
-1264275838
-1263965596
-1262866901
-1255421887
-1251428680
-1244825786
-1243200329
-1235305532
-1233977691
-1220537074
-1214100716
-1199414474
-1190725823
-1190401800
-1178717689
-1172378149
-1147869245
-1142875190
-1138538768
-1137864183
-1124917489
-1102987222
-1095920186
-1083001017
-1080902655
-1047122002
-1031842676
-1029877334
-1020849489
-1001684838
-998419619
-990915088
-985235989
-982515261
-979074894
-974195629
-973832940
-965324937
-944246431
-938387588
-933873331
-932692878
-928039285
-927947459
-914008773
-907981688
-906376330
-903502449
-898112547
-887444438
-862658502
-843628573
-822463032
-786051095
-776932426
-776033951
-752042328
-746532472
-743149468
-740225710
-734414418
-725435852
-708101516
-699674783
-694869277
-693246525
-690571518
-689249770
-688581912
-686864294
-681445866
-647992869
-641101583
-631409299
-624686189
-613079884
-593711206
-591688546
-591331185
-574790069
-573024823
-565387051
-565137163
-556338668
-556291492
-541411509
-538932064
-500479857
-482419890
-468050561
-424532545
-420534171
-408741873
-406973874
-387664799
-382084509
-367095703
-352332569
-352195997
-346430007
-324596389
-320119776
-306594578
-305952425
-283718911
-267302378
-243302738
-242955859
-232180029
-225394407
-217418127
-212286453
-208344820
-191300139
-186177744
-175765723
-161763935
-157025501
-140389149
-132298608
-126175769
-70566352
-68748576
-53985905
-52674668
-50228620
-39678495
-19825663
-8349922
-8186722
-8125700
-8073135
-8043230
-7994382
-7874433
-7863624
-7784916
-7782477
-7696343
-7607278
-7531250
-7388060
-7368780
-7367625
-7353084
-7334489
-7281141
-7267149
-7140057
-7119066
-7010389
-6992089
-6975258
-6863360
-6784772
-6741079
-6585985
-6550401
-6520011
-6495144
-6459702
-6294273
-6178342
-6169344
-6139663
-6090928
-6022637
-5992707
-5971334
-5925304
-5880940
-5873707
-5807953
-5703992
-5692895
-5535131
-5488812
-5468330
-5404148
-5290247
-5274221
-5264144
-5234715
-5224048
-5179837
-5084014
-5043990
-5028537
-5011679
-4998333
-4922901
-4880159
-4874060
-4787390
-4749096
-4736217
-4502308
-4480611
-4424319
-4363262
-4349743
-4290050
-4240069
-4239657
-4174072
-4093051
-4045363
-4037689
-4033352
-3839265
-3766343
-3716899
-3680075
-3679053
-3581776
-3539227
-3461158
-3282526
-3205947
-3183427
-3169708
-3166430
-3089822
-3061531
-2947574
-2930733
-2919246
-2872882
-2830770
-2739228
-2713826
-2634018
-2613990
-2525529
-2439507
-2432921
-2376201
-2335005
-2307524
-2265548
-2176176
-2123133
-2108773
-2105934
-2075032
-2073940
-2045837
-2045648
-1978182
-1945769
-1935486
-1881608
-1654650
-1602520
-1506746
-1505294
-1475309
-1457605
-1327259
-1312217
-1178723
-1027439
-880781
-833776
-666675
-643098
-593446
-468772
-450369
-443225
-418164
-402004
-319964
-307400
-279414
-190199
-176644
-66862
-32745
-32686
-32352
-32261
-32035
-31928
-31414
-31308
-30925
-30411
-29503
-29182
-28573
-28500
-28093
-27743
-27716
-27351
-27201
-26834
-25946
-25019
-24469
-24341
-24292
-24151
-23732
-22769
-22242
-22002
-20863
-20762
-20644
-20189
-20009
-19142
-19036
-18980
-18616
-18196
-18123
-17942
-17915
-17601
-17494
-16669
-16417
-16317
-15051
-14796
-14742
-14600
-14443
-14159
-14046
-13860
-13804
-13745
-13634
-13498
-13497
-12688
-12471
-12222
-11993
-11467
-11332
-10783
-10250
-10114
-10089
-9930
-9434
-9336
-9128
-9109
-8508
-8460
-8198
-8045
-7850
-7342
-7229
-6762
-6302
-6245
-6171
-5957
-5842
-4906
-4904
-4630
-4613
-4567
-4427
-4091
-4084
-3756
-3665
-3367
-3186
-2922
-2372
-2331
-1936
-1683
-1350
-1002
-719
-152
-128
-127
-124
-122
-121
-119
-116
-113
-112
-111
-107
-104
-102
-101
-100
-95
-94
-91
-90
-87
-81
-80
-79
-78
-73
-72
-69
-68
-66
-65
-63
-57
-54
-52
-51
-48
-47
-46
-45
-43
-41
-37
-33
-31
-30
-27
-25
-21
-18
-15
-12
-8
-1
0
1
3
4
5
6
11
14
17
23
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
39
41
46
49
51
52
56
58
61
64
66
67
70
74
79
80
86
88
89
92
93
99
102
104
109
113
117
120
122
123
127
695
912
1792
2857
3150
3184
4060
4626
5671
6412
6827
7999
8017
8646
8798
9703
9837
10049
10442
10912
11400
11430
11436
11551
11937
12480
13258
13469
13689
13963
13982
14019
14152
14259
14346
15416
15613
15954
16241
16814
16844
17564
17702
17751
18537
18763
19890
21216
22238
22548
23243
23383
23386
23407
23940
24076
24796
24870
24898
24967
25139
25176
25699
26167
26536
26614
27008
27087
27142
27356
27458
27800
27827
27924
28595
29053
29229
29884
29900
30460
30556
30701
30815
30995
31613
31761
31772
32099
32308
32674
75627
80472
103073
110477
115718
172418
212268
242652
396135
442591
467087
496849
675960
759343
846297
881562
1003458
1153900
1156733
1164679
1208265
1318372
1363958
1411655
1522329
1559609
1677118
1693658
1703597
1811223
1831642
1838628
1884144
1931545
2085504
2168156
2170263
2239585
2308894
2329235
2364957
2432335
2435551
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以下は、投稿の検証とスコアリングに使用できるPython 3プログラムです。
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import shlex
import os
import sys
import subprocess
try:
from seriously import Seriously
except:
print("Unable to load Seriously. Run 'pip3 install seriously' to install it.")
exit()
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("Usage: python3 {} 'command_to_call_your_program'".format(sys.argv[0]))
exit()
sys.stdin = open(os.devnull, 'r')
with open('nums.txt') as f:
nums = [int(x) for x in f]
total = 0
for num in nums:
p = subprocess.Popen(shlex.split(sys.argv[1]), stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
try:
out = p.communicate(str(num), timeout=30)[0].strip()
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
print("Program failed to finish within 30 seconds for {}".format(num))
exit()
val = Seriously().eval(out)[0]
if not len(out) <= len(':'+str(num)):
print("Failed to do at least as well as naive on {} ({})".format(num, out))
exit()
elif val != num or not isinstance(val, int):
print("Incorrect output: {} instead of {}".format(val, num))
exit()
else:
print("{}: {} ({})".format(num, out, len(out)))
total += len(out)
print("Total:", total)